mieosis/mitosis

the longest stage of the cell cycle

interphase

helicase

unzips dna

ligase

connects lagging strand to leading strand (rezips dna)

dna polymerase

fixes any errors in dna

uncoiled chromosomes

chromotin

what are duplicated chromosomes when connected together

sister chromatids

what is it when organisms reproduce through mitosis

asexual reproduction

what is asexual bacterial reproduction

binary fission

what are spindle fibers

the things that pulls chromosomes to opposite sides in anaphase

what organelle makes spindle fibers

centrosomes> a pair of centrioles

nucleus breaks down

spindle fibers emerge

prophase(mitosis)

chromosomes line up in the middle

metaphase(mitosis)

dividing of sister cells and spindle fibers pulls them to opposite sides

anaphase(mitosis)

new nuclear membrane form

chromosomes uncoil

telophase(mitosis)

results in two identical sister cells by dividing the cytoplasm

cytokinesis(mitosis)

chromosomes condense

homologous(similar) chromosomes pair up and cross over

prophase 1 (meiosis)

homologous chromosomes line up in center of cell

metaphase 1(meiosis)

homologous chromosomes seperate to opposite sides

anaphase 1(meiosis)

nuclear membrane form

cell divides into 2 daughter cells

telophase 1(meiosis)

chromosomes condense nuclear envelop break down

prophase 2 (meiosis)

chromosomes line up in the middle

metaphase 2(mieosis)

sister chromatids seperate to opposite sides of cell (centromere disolves)

anaphase 2 (meiosis)

new nuclei form

telophase 1 (meiosis)

4 new non identical daughter cells are produced

cytokinesis 2(meiosis)

miosis is..

a type of cell division in humans that occurs in sexual reproduction organs only

meiosis creates..

gamates (zygotes/egg)

in mieosis cells go through how many cicles of cell division?

2

in mieosis 1..

homologous(similar) chromosomes split apart

in meiosis 2…

sister chromatids split apart

nucleus breaks down spindle fibers emerge

prophase (mitosis)

chromosomes line up unorganized

line up for an even split of cells

metaphase(mitosis)

divides sister cells and spindle fibers pull them to opposite sides

anaphase (mitosis)

new nuclear membrane forms

chromosomes uncoil

telophase (mitosis)

results in 2 indentical sister cells by dividing the cytoplasm

cytokinesis (mitosis)

what is the function of cell cycle checkpoints

fixes any damages in cell to continue cell cycle

what is apoptosis

cell suicide if cell cannot be repaired

what is a benign tumor

a tumor that stays at original formation site

what is a malignant tumor

a tumor that has the ability to spread throughout the body

what is a somatic cell

a body cell :ie liver cell heart cell

when do somatic cells form?

during mitosis

what is a gamete

a sex cell :ie sperm/egg

when are gametes created?

during meiosis

what is monosomy

when 1 chromosome is missing

what is trisomy?

when there is an extra chromosome (3 instead of 2)