CFS100 - NS Ch.8

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Can Self-Control Be Taught?

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What is the myth described?

  • Many school programs sound great but don't hold up under scientific scrutiny

    • Driver's Ed does not reduce accidents

    • D.A.R.E. doesn't prevent drug use long-term

  • Belief in programs often overrides actual data

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D.A.R.E. Program

  • Drug prevention program led by police officers in schools

  • Despite popularity, long-term studies show no reduction in drug use

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Bodrova & Leong - Tools of the Mind

  • Preschoolers in Tools programs outperform peers academically and behaviorally

  • Key Strategies:

    • Structured pretend play

    • Written “play plans”

    • Private speech

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Frede & Hornbeck Study

  • Tools kids scored significantly higher in vocabulary, IQ, & behavior

  • Principal ended the control group early because results were so positive

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Dr. Bunge’s Study – Cognitive Control

  • Tools helps develop brain areas responsible for attention, motivation, & self-monitoring

  • Children don’t yet have the “rules region” or the proactive response??

  • Motivation is experienced in the brain as the release of dopamine

    • spritzed onto large areas of the brain, which enhances the signaling of neurons

  • The motivated brain operates better & signals faster

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Dr. Blair’s Study

  • Kids w/ both high IQ & high executive functioning were 300% more likely to do well in math than those with just a high IQ

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Tools of the Mind – Why It Works

  • Play Plans

    • Kids draw & write their play goals → develops planning & focus

  • Role-Playing

    • Encourages symbolic thinking & sustained attention

  • Private Speech

    • Kids talk themselves through tasks → turns into internal self-regulation

  • Self-Assessment

    • Kids evaluate their own & peers' work → develops self-awareness

  • Games

    • (ex: Simon Says) teach impulse control

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Recommendations

  • Support executive function development early (preschool age)

  • Emphasize structured play, self-monitoring, & motivation-based learning

  • Shift focus from teaching only rules to building cognitive control and discipline