Government Unit 1

American Democracy

system of government when the power comes from the people

Individual rights

The liberties of individuals without interference from others or the government. Example; Free speech

Limited Government

The government is not all powerful and can only do things the people have given it the power to do. Example; Additional Rights and freedom of speech

Seperation of power

There are the three distant and independent branches of government and many actions require the cooperation of 2 or 3 branch's. Example' Legislative, Executive, and judicial

Checks and Balances

Rach branch is restrained by the other 2 branches, and can stop an action from happening. Example; veto

Federalism

The division of power upon the federal and several state governments. Example; Some states require masks and other don't.

Rule of Law

Every Person, even the leaders of the government, must follow the law. Example; if you make a crime you go to jail.

Popular Sovereignty

All political power, ultimately is held by the people. Example; the presidential election

Republicanism

The people elect representatives at regular intervals to make decisions on their behalf.

Delegated (division of power)

receives grant from the US constitution and can only do things listed in it(federal government)

Concurrent (division of power)

authorities in federal system share both federal and state government, allowing them both to govern at the same time.

Reserved (division of power)

Not delegated to federal government by US constitution, but instead reserved by the state and people.

Denied (Division of power)

refers to the action of denying something to or from the federal government.

Anarchy

A form of government without any actual government meaning there is no laws, police, or any form of authority. Example; French Monarchy

Autocracy

A system of government where one person has absolute power. Examples; The soviet Union, North Korea, and Germany

Confederation

Union of sovereign states or groups that form a central entity for a common purpose while retaining individual power. Example; The US under the articles of confederation

Direct Democracy

A form of government in which policies and laws are decided by a majority of all those eligible rather than by a body of elected representees. Examples; The US and England.

Monarchy

Undivided rule or absolute rule sovereignty(supreme power) by a single person. Examples; constitutional monarchy and current monarch

Oligarchy

Government that consists of a small selective group of people, often wealthy, that have all the power over the country. Examples; Medieval venice and italy.

Socialism

A government that refers to economic and political philipocies, advocating for social ownership. Wanting to create more equal society by distributing resources and goods. Examples; Soviet Union and cuba

Theocracy

A form of government where god is recognized as the supreme civil ruler, and divine law, interpreted by religious authorities, serves as the basis for the states law and policies. Examples; Ancients Egypt and the Vatican City

Unitary

System of government in which one central government holds the most power. Example France, UK, and Japan

Voting

Making a choice or opinion in an election or issue, usallu casting a ballot.

Mail- In Only

voters are only allowed to vote by using in-mail ballot.

Photo ID Required

Law tat you must show your ID in 36 states

Automatic Registration

Eligible voters are automatically registered to vote whenever they interact with certain government agencies (BMW) used in 24 states.

Early Voting

Permits citizens to cast a ballots in person are a polling place prior to an election.

Three Big Ideas of Declaration of Independence

1) People have rights ( unalienable rights)

2) If the government doesn't fix a problem the people have the responsibility to fix it (purpose and power of government.

3) All men are created equal ( equality)

Four Parts of the Declaration of Independence

1)Introduction (Why they felt necessary to declare independence)

2)Preamble/statement of individual Rights ( fundamental truths/beliefs of rights)

3)long list of grievances

4) actions/resolution (13 colonies are now free)

History of Declaration of Independence

150 years of soluntry neglect to govern for themselves. 1750s Seven Years' War/ Indian War, reversed neglect England now needed a ton of money from the people, English started taxing. Taxes lead to increase of hostility, British came into peoples homes without permission. Everything was now getting taxed, People were fed up, recanalization, Lexington and Concord was turning point. African Americans started siding with english, government allowed tis making whites mad.

Article 1: United States of America in the Article of Confederation

Confederacy: A style of government with individual sovereign, no big central power, wanted this because they wanted the government to be as different as the English as possible.

A Firm League of Friendship in the Articles of Confederation

Only one groups and 1 state that gets one vote. Power; war and peace, power to make trietes(foreign affairs), and power to request money from the state.

What were the Articles of confederations Weaknesses

lack of power to tax, central government couldn't regulate trade, no executive branch, no court system, each state had one vote, all 13 states had to agree, and lack of military

What were the Articles of Confederation strengths

Northwest Ordinance, Freedom of Speech, self-govern, not allowed slavery, and added more states to union

Origins of Federalist and Anti-Federalist Papers

Over a debate over the US Constitution

Anti-Federalist concerns

The congress would have so many different special interests that it would take over the good for everyone.

Federalist Argument

Had to beef up the federal government, it was too divided

Anti Federalist Impact

forcing the adaption of the Bill of Rights to guarantee individual liberties.

15th Amendment

Prohibits states and the federal government from denying the right to vote based on their "race, color, or previous condition of servitude" (Colored men were given the right to vote)

19th Amendment

Prohibits the federal and state government from denying or abridging a citizens right to vote on account of sex. ( women were given the right to vote)

24th Amendment

Illegal to charge poll tax or any other tax to vote in federal election. To stop a pactive used to disenfranchise poor/ minority voters. (better voting rights for poor/ minority)

26th Amendment

Citizens who are 18 and older can vote ( age restriction)

Democratic party

government's role is to unite and 'hear' out country goals were;

1) Health care is a right for every American

2) World class education to every child

3) Inclusive and resilient society

Green Party

governments rule is to become more involved to help better the people, the goals are;

1) free from corporation and big money

2) economic stability

3)diverse environment

Liberation Party

Governments role is to not violate any rights of an indidal, main goals;

1) individual rights

2) freedom to control own lives

3) welcome a diverse group of peaceful activities

Republican Party

the government's role is to be limited and give all power to people, 3 main goals;

1) inalienable rights of life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness

2) strong healthy economy

3) political freedom