Plant Tissues

Plant tissues

Made up of multicellular cells. They have defined nucleus and specialized organelles.

Shoot system

Above the ground. Leaves, stems, flowers, and fruits.

Root system

Below the ground. Origin of plants such as the roots and tubers.

Dermal tissue

Consist of cells from the outer protecting covering of the plants.

Epidermis

Outermost layer of cells found in all young plants.

Upper epidermis

Contains closely packed epidermal cells which are covered with cuticle.

Cuticle

Responsible in minimizing water loss and protecting the cell from bacteria and other organisms that might cause diseases.

Lower epidermis

Contains specialized cells called guard cells.

Guard cells

Helps regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata.

Stomata

Pores where gas exchange occurs.

Trichomes

Produce hairs that protects the plants from too much sunlight which help conserve moisture.

Root epidermis

No cuticle and stomata.

Root hairs

Ability to increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals.

Ground tissues

Fills up inner part of the plant.

Parenchyma

Big and thin-walled cells with large vacuoles and air spaces in between the cells.

Collenchyma

Thick-walled cells with uneven thickness.

Smaller than parenchyma.

Supports immature regions of plants.

Sclerenchyma

Mostly dead when reached maturity phase.

Provides support for the matured regions of plants.

Composed of thick cell walls filled with lignin.

Vascular tissue

Transports water and minerals.

Xylem

Transports water and minerals from roots to leaves. (Upwards)

Phloem

Transports sucrose and organic compound from roots to leaves. (Up and down)