US History: The Thirteen Colonies & Colonial Life (Quiz Two)

Magna Carta (1215)

English document that guaranteed rights and limited the power of the king.

Henry VIII

English king who created the Church of England, establishing Protestantism in England.

Joint-Stock Companies

Business organizations funded colonization for religious, political, and economic freedom.

Sir Walter Raleigh

English nobleman who oversaw the early, failed colonization attempts of Virginia.

John White

Leader of the Roanoke settlement, famously known as the 'Lost Colony'.

Jamestown (1607)

The first permanent English settlement in the New World.

Jamestown Early Struggles

Faced malaria, contaminated water, and a poor work ethic among early colonists.

John Smith

Leader who saved Jamestown from destruction by enforcing strict work ethics.

John Rolfe

Jamestown tobacco farmer who introduced a profitable cash crop and married Pocahontas.

Arrival of African Slaves (1619)

The major precedents in the Jamestown colony where representative government, cash crops, private property, and slave labor

Pilgrims

English separatists who settled Plymouth Colony in 1620 aboard the Mayflower.

Mayflower Compact

Legal contract and written framework that governed the Plymouth Colony.

Squanto

Native American who taught the Pilgrims how to survive in Massachusetts.

William Bradford

Longtime governor of the Plymouth Colony.

The Precedents of Plymouth were

Representative democracy, Written legal framework, Religious liberty, and Religious tolerance (kinda)

John Winthrop

Governor of Massachusetts Bay who described it as 'a city upon a hill'.

Salem Witch Trials (1692-1693)

Period of hysteria resulting from strict religious laws in Massachusetts Bay.

Anne Hutchinson

Colonist who challenged Puritan church authority and religious doctrine.

The Precedents of Massachusetts Bay Colony

Town meetings, Local self-government, Biblical morality, and Puritan work ethic

Charter Colony

Private land governed by a royal contract.

Proprietary Colony

Private land granted by a monarch.

Royal Colony

Land controlled directly by the British monarch.

Henry Hudson

Explored the Hudson River and Bay for the Dutch.

William Penn

Founder of Pennsylvania as a haven for Quakers.

James Oglethorpe

Founder of Georgia as a refuge for debtors.

classes based on ..........

Wealth

Bacon's Rebellion

Uprising of colonial farmers against the Virginia government, leading to the rise of slavery.

Colonial Agriculture: Southern Colonies

Focused on large plantations growing cash crops like tobacco, indigo, and rice.

Colonial Agriculture: Middle Colonies

Known as the 'Bread colonies' due to highly productive farming.

Colonial Agriculture: New England

Was the least suited for farming and had small family farms.

Problem of Church & State

The tension and overlap between religious authority and government laws in the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

New England Religion

Mostly Puritan

Middle Colonies Religion

Diverse & tolerant

Southern Colonies Religion

Anglican Church (official)