Ch. 11 - Food Choices, Culture & Dietary Practices

Nutrition Exam 1

What are the three categories of foods in the diet based on their role?

Core foods

Secondary foods

Occasional foods

What are core foods?

Foods that provide essential nutrients and form the foundation of a healthy eating pattern

Examples of core foods?

Fruits

Vegetables

Whole grains

Lean proteins

Low-fat dairy

Beans and legumes

What are secondary foods?

Foods that add variety, enjoyment, and cultural meaning but are not the primary source of essential nutrients

Examples of secondary foods?

Foods eaten for pleasure or variety

Some snack foods

Foods included in cultural traditions

What are occasional foods?

Foods that are typically higher in calories, added sugars, sodium, or saturated fat and should be eaten less often

Examples of occasional foods?

Candy

Desserts

Sugary beverages

Fried foods

Highly processed snacks

Why is it important to understand the role of foods instead of labeling foods as simply “good” or “bad”?

Food choices are influenced by culture, enjoyment, traditions, and health needs

Balance and overall eating patterns are more important than individual foods

How does culture influence food choices?

Culture affects what people eat, how food is prepared, when meals occur, and the meaning attached to food

What are some factors that influence food choices?

Culture

Religion

Family traditions

Income

Availability of foods

Personal preferences

Health beliefs

Social relationships

How can culture influence food preparation?

Different cultures may use specific cooking methods, ingredients, spices, and traditions passed down through generations

How can culture influence meal timing?

Cultures differ in when meals are eaten, how many meals are consumed, and which meals are considered most important

Why is food often important beyond nutrition?

Food can represent identity, family, traditions, celebrations, comfort, and social connection

Why should healthcare providers consider culture when discussing nutrition?

Understanding cultural practices helps create realistic and respectful nutrition recommendations

What are Jewish dietary laws called?

Kashrut (following a kosher diet)

What does kosher mean?

Foods that follow Jewish dietary laws and are considered acceptable according to religious guidelines

What meats are not allowed in a kosher diet?

Pork

Shellfish

Other non-kosher animals

What are examples of kosher animals?

Animals that chew their cud and have split hooves, such as:

Cattle

Sheep

Goats

What seafood is allowed in a kosher diet?

Fish with both fins and scales

What seafood is avoided in a kosher diet?

Shellfish

Shrimp

Lobster

Crab

What is an important ruls about meat and dairy in kosher practices?

Meat and dairy products are not eaten or prepared together

Why is it important for healthcare providers to ask about religious dietary practices?

Religious beliefs may affect food choices, meal planning, and acceptable foods during medical care