Gene Regulation part 2 5-1-24

1. histone acetylation

2. histone methylation

1. acetyl group (-COCH3)

2. loosens crompin (-CH3)

DNA methylation

inactivation of that region of DNA

Epigenetic inheritance

on top of genetics chromatin modification are inherited by daughter cells

Regulation of Transcription

1. Transcription Factors

2. General transcription factor

3. Specific transcription factor

1. Proteins that transcription a gene

2. reduce transcription

3. enhance transcription

1. Enhancers

2. Activator proteins

1. DNA region

2. Bind to enhancers

Gene silencing

Genes are reduced

Coordinate control

cells need to control

Post Transcription regulation

1. Alternative RNA spicing

2. Booking translation

3. mRNA degradation

1. The region is sometimes an exon or intron

2. protein bind to mRNA preventing translation

Protein Processing/ modification - post-translation

1. Phosphorylation

2. Glycosylation

1. Addition of phosphate

2. addition of a sugar to protein

Non Coding RNA’s

NC RNA

EX:TRNA

Micro RNA

Mi RNA single-stranded complex with a protein can bind to mRNA can cause MRNA to be degrated

Small Interfering RNA’s

Si RNA bind to DNA and causes Herotocramtin

RNAi

RNA interference