Lab- Human A&P 1 Nervous/Senses Quiz Questions

schwann cell

any of the cells in the PNS that produce the myelin sheath around neuronal axons

neuroglia

may consist of microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and schwann cells

axon hillock

where action potentials are formed

oligodendrocytes

produce the myelin sheath insulating neuronal axons

vestibulocochlear

hearing and balance

trigeminal

largest cranial nerve with three branches

accessory

controls trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles

optic

connects to receptors for vision

hypoglossal

supplies tongue muscles, disorder of this nerve can lead to tongue paralysis

olfactory

transmits smells to the brain

facial nerve

both sensory and motor. mainly involved in facial movements, taste, and glands

glossopharyngeal

sensory function to throat, tonsils. also shortens and widens the throat

vagus

extremely diverse function with parasympathetic innervation of digestions, heart rhythm, motor function to throat and soft palate

resting membrane potential is maintained/restored by

sodium potassium pump

subdural hematoma is accumulation of blood

between the dura and arachnoid mater

the brain has more neurons than neuroglia

false

information will travel faster through an unmyelinated neuron

false

an individual has lost the ability to smile and blink his left eye which of these nerves may have been numbed

facial nerve

frontal lobe

primarily responsible for processing mood, decision making and personality

glial cells of CNS

astrocytes. microglia. oligodendrocytes. ependymal cells

glial cells of PNS

schwann cells. satellite cells

an individual with multiple sclerosis probably has more damage to their

white matter

part of the CNS that regulates HR, blood vessel diameter, respiration, swallowing, vomiting, hiccupping, coughing, and sneezing is known as

medulla oblongata

Dr. Lacey Hudlow has just admitted a new patient today. She is complaining of pain in her liver area, kidney area, chest, stomach area etc. Dr, Hudlow has made a correct diagnoses that one specific nerve is being affected. As an honored colleague of Dr. Hudlow, you agree with her that the _____ nerve is experiencing damage or problems.

vagus

cranial nerves are part of the central nervous system

false

in the spinal cord the gray matter is deep to the white matter

false

identify the 2 functional subdivisions of the PNS

motor and sensory division

lumbar plexus

femoral nerve

sacral plexus

sciatic nerve

brachial plexus

axillary nerve

cervical plexus

phrenic nerve

Sensory receptors that provide information about the precise position and the rate of movement of various body parts, the weight of an object being held in the hand and the range of movement of a joint.

proprioceptors

Bipolar photoreceptors that help with black and white vision are known as

rods

Severing which of the following nerves will have the greatest effect on our ability to taste?

glossopharygeal

what is true regarding taste receptors?

secondary receptors. chemoreceptors

severing which of the following nerves will have the greatest effect on our ability to taste

glossopharyngeal

hyperopia

image focused behind retina

glaucoma

increased intraocular pressure by aqueous humor

myopia

focal point too near lens, image focused in front of retina

cataract

clouding of lens

presbyopia

degeneration of accommodation. corrected by reading glasses

retinal detachment

retina lifts away from back of the eye. can result in complete blindness

astigmatism

cornea or lens not uniformly curved

macular degeneration

common in older people. loss in acute vision

inferior rectus

downward

superior rectus

upward

medial rectus

inward

lateral rectus

outward

superior oblique

down and out

inferior oblique

up and out

blind spot

region of the retina with no photoreceptors and where no image is formed

fovea

region of highest visual activity

eye layer that's highly vascularized is the

choroid

innervate facial nerve

Responsible for eye closure and blinking by the motor innervation of the orbicularis oculi muscle.

innervate trochlear nerve

Only innervates the superior oblique muscle causing the eye to torque inward and inferiorly

innervate trigeminal nerve

Works as the afferent part of the corneal and lacrimation reflex

innervate abducens nerve

Innervates only one muscle in the eye. This muscle is the lateral rectus muscle. When this muscle contracts, it causes the eye to abduct

innervate optic nerve

Senses the incoming light and image displayed on the retina. Transmits image to brain.

innervate oculomotor nerve

Provides motor innervation to the superior rectus muscle, medial rectus muscle, inferior rectus muscle, inferior oblique muscle, levator palpebrae superioris muscle, ciliary muscle, and the sphincter muscle

This term describes sensation in one region of the body that is not the source of the stimulus due to the fact that both organ and region of the skin input to the same spinal region.

referred pain

nociceptors

pain

baroreceptors

pressure

mechanoreceptors

touch. pressure. hearing

photoreceptors

response to light

chemoreceptors

smell and taste

In a hyperreflexic response, the individual has exaggerated responses to the stimuli

true

Dr. Giselle Rodriguez has a new patient with an eye issue. Her eyeballs are too long and the image entering the eye forms before the retina. Dr. Giselle correctly diagnosed the patient as having

myopia