Evolution: The Geneses of Community Policing

CompStat

The crime management process is used in the problem-solving process for comparative or computer statistics, which is designed for the collection and feedback of information on crime and related quality-of-life issues.

Homeland security

Historians of the future will maintain that terrorist acts of the early twenty-first century changed forever the nature of policing efforts

Metropolitan Police Act

Peel’s “An Act for Improving the Police in and Near the Metropolis”

Police–community relations

Primitive communications technology of the era meant that police chiefs were unable to supervise their captains at the precinct level; thus, policy was greatly influenced by the prevailing political and social mores of the neighborhoods.

Political era

To comprehend the blundering, inefficiency, and confusion that surrounded nineteenth-century police

Problem-oriented policing

Police behavior was very much influenced by the interaction between individual officers and individual citizens.

Professional era

These reformers were closely tied to the emerging rehabilitative ideal in correctional circles

Reform of policing

August Vollmer, pioneer of police professionalism from 1905 to 1932, rallied police executives around the idea of reform during the 1920s and 1930s, emerging as the leading national spokesman for police professionalism.

Research findings

Two important policing research organizations: the Police Foundation and the Police Executive Research Forum (PERF).

Wickersham Commission

This commission completed the first national study of crime and criminal justice, issuing 14 reports and recommending that the corrupting influence of politics be removed from policing, police chief executives be selected on merit, patrol officers be tested and meet minimal physical standards, police salaries and working conditions be decent, and policewomen be used in juvenile and female cases.

Community Partnerships

Collaborative partnerships between the law enforcement agency and the individuals and organizations they serve, and anyone with a stake in the community.

Problem Solving

The process and effect of problem solving should be assessed at each stage of the problem-solving process.

Organizational Transformation

Leadership and administration, Human resources, Field operations, and External relations