Civil War Study Guide

Stallbaumer's College U.S. History

What event officially started the Civil War?

The attack on Fort Sumter

After the attack on Fort Sumter, what 4 states joined the Confederate States of America?

Arkansas, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia

What new state forms because of the Civil War?

West Virginia

List the Northern advantages over the South.

Population, infrastructure, factories, and navy

List the Southern advantages over the North.

Better generals, better soldiers, and better morale

Explain what is meant by "Rich Man's War and a Poor Man's Fight".

The fight was to save the plantations becuae they rely heavily on the slaves but the regular or poor people had to fight.

Who did President Lincoln first ask to lead the Union army?

General Robert E. Lee

What was the size of the Union army in 1861?

527,000

What was the size of the Confederate army in 1861?

258,000

Who was Clara Barton?

She would take food and supplies to soliders in the field and later made the America Red Cross.

What was significant about women working the Treasury department as clerks during the Civil War?

Governments first female office workers

Describe what battlefield medical practices were like in the Civil War.

Who won the 1st battle of Bull Run?

Confederacy

What was the North's strategy to win the war?

block the mississippi river, block trade to europe, and capture richmond

What was the South's strategy for winning the war?

capture washington d.c., cause enough damage to make the north surrender, and get england or france's support

What was the Southern idea of "King Cotton" all about?

What were two problems with the "King Cotton" philosophy?

What was Abraham Lincoln's major complaint about the early commanders of the Union army?

they were too cautious

What Union General took over after the 1st battle of Bull Run and lost at the battle of Seven Pines?

Genreal John Pope

What was the first battle that the Confederates lost on Union soil that was known as the bloodiest single day of the war?

Battle of Antietam

What happened at the battle of Chancellorsville that devastated the confederates?

Who won the Battle of Gettysburg?

The Union

What Confederate officer was given the unwelcome assignment of charging the Union held the high ground on cemetery ridge?

How did the Union army fair in the West during the Civil War?

They did better in the west

What confederate stronghold did the Union army take that gave them control of the Mississippi River?

Vicksburg, Mississippi

Why was controlling the Mississippi River significant for the North?

It was a way for the South to get supplies and they could weaken the South by controlling it

What was the Emancipation Proclamation?

Lincoln's 1863 declaration freeing slaves in the Confederacy

What were some benefits that Emancipation Proclamation had on the Union war effort?

gave the north a reason to fight, created problems for the south, and got more enrollment in the north from freed slaves

Who did Pres. Lincoln appoint to lead the Union army after the battle of Vicksburg?

General Ulysses S. Grant

How many African-Americans won the Congressional Medal of Honor during the Civil War despite limited combat?

26

What does "War of attrition" mean?

to wear down an opponent down to such an extent that their will to fight collapses

While General Grant is fighting in Virginia, what is his replacement General Sherman doing?

Who did Pres. Lincoln win reelection against in 1864?

General George B. McClellan

Where does General Lee surrender to General Grant?

Appomattox

How many Union soldiers and Confederate soldiers died during the American Civil War?

360,222 from the North, 258,000 from the South, and 618,222 total

What was President Lincoln's view on Reconstruction?

to forgive the south and reunite the country

What happened on April 14, 1865?

The assassination of President Abraham Lincoln

What were some of the Black Codes that were passed in the South after the Civil War?

curfew and working contracts that could be traded

Who were two senators that led the charge to get land and the right to vote for African-Americans?

What was the Civil Rights Act of 1866?

declared all persons born in the United States to be citizens

What was the Freedman's Bureau?

they provided food, shelter, clothing, medical services, and land to displaced Southerners, including newly freed African Americans

What do Southerners do in an attempt to prevent African-Americans from voting?

What was the Compromise of 1877 and why was it important?

settled the intensely disputed 1876 presidential election and it resulted in the United States federal government pulling the last troops out of the South, and ending the Reconstruction Era.