Bio Test

Carbohydrates

Provide short-term energy for body functions.

Proteins

Aid growth, repair, and creation of enzymes.

Lipids

Store long-term energy, provide insulation.

Nucleic Acids

Contain genetic information, code for proteins.

Macromolecules

Large organic molecules essential for life.

Polymers

Many sub-units forming larger molecules.

Monomers

Small sub-units that combine to form polymers.

Hydrogen Bonding

Hydrogen's attraction to electrons creates bonds.

Polarity

Uneven charge distribution within a molecule.

Ionic Bonding

Formation of ions that attract oppositely charged ions.

Covalent Bonding

Sharing of electron pairs between elements.

Valence Electrons

Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom.

Atomic Number

Number of protons and electrons in an element.

Atomic Mass

Total mass of an atom, protons plus neutrons.

Isotopes

Elements with different numbers of neutrons.

CHNOPS

Essential elements: Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur.

Independent Variable

Factor changed in an experiment.

Dependent Variable

Factor measured or calculated in an experiment.

Control Variable

Factors kept constant throughout an experiment.

Controlled Experiment

Experiment testing one independent variable at a time.

Denaturation of Proteins

Change in protein shape, losing functionality.

Buffers

Maintain pH balance in biological systems.

Carbohydrates Monomer

Monosaccharide is the basic unit.

Proteins Monomer

Amino acids are the building blocks.

Lipids Monomer

Fatty acids and glycerol are basic units.

Nucleic Acids Monomer

Nucleotides are the fundamental units.

Bar Graphs

Used for comparing qualitative data between groups.

Pie Graphs

Illustrate percentages of a whole.

Line Graphs

Show changes over time.

Hypothesis format

If DV then IV because…

Conclusion

Because of this, this happened and it supports or refutes my hypothesis.

Proton

Positive charge particle in a atom

Neutron

No charge particle in a atom

Electron

Negative charge particle in a atom

Evaporation

liquid to gas

Mixture

A substance that contains one or more elements or compounds that are not bonded together

Data Table

Holds important info, read IV on left and DV on right

Graph

Something that represents data

Quantitative

Data in the form of numbers

Qualitative

Data that describes qualities or characteristics through observations

Title format

DV as a function of IV

RNA

Ribonucleic acid

DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid