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maleficium
“bad magic”
geomancy
interpreting lines or textures on the ground
Salsitores
those who predict the future through or by observing leaping
genethliaci
those who predict the future based on alignments of stars at birth
magi
members of the Zoroastrian priestly caste
Who was the famous early 4th century Roman Emperor whose conversion paved the way for Christianity’s recognition as official religion of the Empire?
Constantine the Great
St. Augustine was originally a follower of _____ before converting to Christinaity
Manichaeism
True or false? Magical words spoken aloud seen as a power of “presence
True
True or false? Animistic magic is the ability to cast spells on animals
False
True or false? There is always a clear distinction between “natural” and “demonic” magic”
False
True of false? St Augustine believed that some superstitious practices were ok as long as demons werent involved
False
The year 1100 is used by Kors and Peters as a significant diving line between a lesser vs more organized system of beliefs within the Catholic Church. Which of the following historical events would have played a role in impacting the structure of the church around that time?
The First Crusade
The Norman conquest of England
The Great Schism between the western and eastern church
True or false? Archival, literary, and pictorial sources are the three kinds that inform us about the nature of the beliefs and persecutions of sorcerers and witches from the 14th century onward
True
Who was likely using the 15th century Munich handbook described by Kickhefer and who was using the Wolfsthurn?
The munich handbook was most likely used by witches to perform bad magic while wolfsthurn was more common to do chores
What were some examples of the practices early Christians were accused of, as we saw in the excerpt from the 2nd century writer Minucias Felix?
They were accused of idolizing the alter and being ritualistic
Roman and Egyptian priests who offered magical services to patrons who could afford them were considered ___ magicians
Professional
Cathars
aka Albigensians, believe in reincarnation until souls can be freed from hell
Gratian
wrote the Decretum, the first large collection of canon law of the Catholic Church
Albertus Magnus
teacher of Thomas Aquinas, knowledgeable in “natural magic”
Waldensians
newly formed in the 12th century, lived ascetic lifestyle, condemned church secularization
Pope Alexander IV
determined that inquisitors should not investigate cases of sorcery unless explictly heretical
Popular astrology forcued more on ___ cycles than the more learned examinations of planets and stars in scholarly astrology
Lunar
Thomas Aquinas’s primary issue with divination through astrology (or really at all) was that it negated the possibility of
free will
What was the primary aim of alchemists?
They sought the “philosopher’s stone” to be able to turn any metal into gold
Which groups were most likely part of the “clerical underworld”
Local priests or clergy members
True or false? Albertus Magnus’s reputation was damaged because of his sympathetic views toward diabolical sorcerers of the 13th century
False
Who were the types of people receiving education at medieval universities
Rich noble men
Give an example of a practice that would be considered “astral magic”
People would
