Body Systems

Anatomy

Science of body structures and relationships

Physiology

Science of body function

Tissue level

Groups of cells performing a common function

Organ level

Composed of two or more different types of tissues

System level

Consists of related organs with a common function

Organism level

An organism or any living individual

All parts of the body working together

Components of Integumentary System

Skin and structure with hair, nails, sweat glands and oil gland

Functions of Integumentary System

Protects the body - helps regulate body temperature - eliminates waste - detects sensations

Components of Skeletal System

Bones and joints of the body and their associated cartilages

Functions of Skeletal System

Protects body - surface area for muscles - helps body move - stores minerals and lipids

Components of Muscular System

Muscles composed of skeletal muscle tissue

Functions of Muscular System

Produces body movements - posture - generates heat

Components of Nervous System

Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and special sense organs (eyes)

Components of Lymphatic System

Lymphatic fluid and vessels, spleen, thymus, lymph nodes and tonsils

Functions of Lymphatic System

Returns protein and fluids to blood

Carries lipids from gastrointestinal tract to blood

Components of Respiratory System

Lungs and air passageways such as pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), and bronchial tubes

Functions of Respiratory System

Transfers oxygen from inhaled air to blood and carbon dioxide from blood to exhaled air

Components of Endocrine System

Hormones producing glands

Functions of Endocrine System

Regulates body activities by releasing hormones, which are chemical messengers transported in blood from an endocrine gland or tissue to a target organ

Components of Cardiovascular System

Blood, heart, and blood vessels

Functions of Cardiovascular System

Heart pumps blood through blood vessels

Blood carries oxygen and nutrients to cells and carbon dioxide and wastes away from cell and help regulate the body

Components of Digestive System

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines

Functions of Digestive System

Achieves physical and chemical breakdown of food

Absorbs nutrients

Eliminates solid wastes

Components of Urinary System

Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

Functions of Urinary System

Produces, stores and eliminates urine

Eliminates wastes and regulates volume and chemical composition of blood

Maintains body’s mineral balance

Components of Reproductive System

Gonads (testes in male and ovaries in female)

Uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina

Epididymis, ductus deferens and penis

Functions of Reproductive System

Gonads produce gametes and release hormones and regulate reproduction and other body processes