Government First Semester Final Exam

Political socialization

 the process by which people form their political attitude

Public opinion

the sum of many people's views 

What did the founders see the free press as a safeguard against?

Founders saw the free press as the safeguard against abusive power

Popular sovereignty:

the ultimate source of power is the PEOPLE, therefore elections in the constitution display that

Primary election:

We're trying to figure out who is going to be the candidate for each party

Open primary

Everybody can vote for whoever

Closed Primary

only your party

General election:

Elect your president

Wholesale politics

 Using all types of media to campaign such as television social media so on

Bipartisan Campaign Act of 2002

Limited the amount of money you can give to candidates

Electoral College

how the president is selected based on the number of electoral votes in each state

In which type of election is voter turnout likely to be the greatest?

General Election

What is the main criticism against the Electoral College system for electing presidents?

it's not democratic 

What is the main source of funding for election campaigns?

Individual Donations

United States House of Representatives Qualifications

House of REP For 7 years got to be 25 years of age

United States Senate Qualifications

You have to be in a citizen for 9 years and 30 years of age 

(Differences) United States House of Representatives:

Has to create a tax or revenue bill first before the Senate can do it (domestic affairs)

(Differences) United States Senate:

The foreign policy Bills first and also they signed treaties so the (foreign affairs)

Standing Committee:

where most of the work gets done, different categories that lawmakers try to join 

Conference Committee:

Basically when both members of the House and Senate come together to get a bill ready to be voted on a second time

Rules Committee:

 most POWERFUL, makes the rules, traffic cop of all the different committees( disputes/problems) People on there have the most seniority

Speaker of the House:

In charge of the house, its elected by the majority, they get to pick bills to be worked on and they get to put people on committees

President Pro Tempore:

oldest member of the Senate of the majority party, they will take over the senate meeting if the VP isnt there

Vice President:

President of the Senate so they run the meeting and they can cast a tying vote if they need to 

Where do most members of Congress start their careers?

local politics

What are the differences between state lawmakers and the United States Congress?

State lawmakers have term limits 

Constituent

people that live within a lawmakers district residents of an electoral district represented by an elected official 

Legislation

That is working on bills that could become law

Confirmation

That's when the Senate confirms someone to a political position 

Impeachment

Will confirm Impeachment is when the house declares that the president did something illegal and they call for an investigation (Clinton and Trump)

Ratification

Did you sign something when you ratify something you sign it ?

Override

It's essentially sent it or Congress overrides basically a presidential Veta is typically at 2/3 vote so 60%

Amendment

It's an addition to a bill

Mark up:

This is before but that is when you get a bill when in a committee you get a bill ready to be debated on the floor the final language of the bill

Census

Every 10 years

Reapportionment

reapportion the Seats of the house to the various States based on population 

Caucus

Is a group of people that have a similar goal or similar ideologies

Partisan

They vote only for their party

Constituent casework

When you do something helpful for one of your constituents

first-day procedures that occur at a new congressional session?

Swear allegiance to the Constitution

How are committee and committee chairs chosen in Congress?

Seniority but it's also skill and ability 

Filibuster

When you speak for an unlimited amount of time to prevent action on a bill, SENATE

Cloture

A 2/3 vote is what you need to stop a filibuster so it's only in the Senate again so you need 60 votes to stop the filibuster 

Rider

In a bill that has nothing to do with the bill itself got non-germain

Christmas tree bill

 Has lots of riders in it

Roll call vote

The Official vote in Congress where they actually call at your name and then you give your vote 

Outline all the ways a bill can become a law:

1. Either house can present a bill

2. Then it goes to conference committee

3. If it makes it, it will be debated on and if they vote for it it has to go to the other house

4. Total every bill gets voted on 4 times, 2 per house

How A President performs a pocket veto:

has to do with how much time is left in session

How does a president perform a pocket veto?

 After 10 days, if Congress is not in session it does not become a law- pocket veto

Name the first three people in the Presidential Line of Succession.

VP, Speaker of the House, President Pro Tempore of the Senate

Know all the members and departments in the president’s cabinet.

(15 departments) Secretaries of Agriculture, Commerce, Defense, Education, Energy, Health and Human Services, Homeland Security, Housing and Urban Development, Interior, Labor, State, Transportation, Treasury, and Veterans Affairs, and the Attorney General 

First Amendment:

Protects freedom of speech, religion, the press, assembly, and the right to petition the government.

Second Amendment:

Protects the right to bear arms.

Third Amendment:

Prohibits the quartering of soldiers

Fourth Amendment:

Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures and requires warrants based on probable cause. 

Fifth Amendment:

self-incrimination, double jeopardy, and deprivation of life, liberty, or property without due process of law. 

Sixth Amendment:

Ensures the right to a speedy and public trial, the right to legal counsel, the right to confront witnesses, and the right to a fair jury. 

Seventh Amendment:

Preserves the right to a trial by jury in civil cases.

Eighth Amendment:

Prohibits cruel and unusual punishment and excessive bail or fines.

Ninth Amendment:

Emphasizes that there are other rights not explicitly listed in the Constitution.

Tenth Amendment:

Reserves powers not delegated to the federal government to the states or the people.

he executive departments of the federal government are called:

cabinet

Which factor most influences whether a president might choose to use a pocket veto:

how close to congress is adjournment

The Senate is of which majority?

Democratic

The house of representatives is of what majority?

Republican

Formal Qualifications for the Presidency

35 of age a natural-born citizen and had to have lived in the United States for 14 years 

How long is a president’s term?

Four year term, can serve up to 2 terms of 4, or 10 years total

A bill with many riders is called…

a Christmas Tree Bill

legislation tax bills must originate where?

the HOUSE OF REP