Seedless Plants

Product of photosynthesis:Carbohydrate

glucose, which plants then use as food and store as starch. 

Product of photosynthesis: Oxygen

-Essential for respiration
- Keeps earth’s atmosphere
intact

Plant Cellular Characteristics

• Eukaryotic
• Multicellular
• Cellulose-rich cell wall

Plant Kingdom Characteristics

Plants are non-mobile
• Plants have special adaptations
for life on land
• Cuticle and stomata (in some
plants)
• Protection of embryo within
maternal tissue

Cuticle

Protects organism

stomata

Tiny pores on plant, leaves, gas exchange

Leaf Adaptation

a. Stained photomicrograph
of a leaf cross section

(Plant leaves have a
Cuticle and stomata)

b. Falsely coloured scanning
Electron micrograph of leaf surface

Diploid

two complete sets of chromosomes in an organism's cells

haploid

a cell that contains a single set of chromosomes

Mitosis

cell division for purposes of growth and
repair

Meiosis

cell division from diploid to haploid

Sporophyte

diploid generation (2n)

Gametophyte

haploid generation (n)

Spore

a cell that certain fungi, plants (moss, ferns), and bacteria produce

gamete

a reproductive cell of an animal or plant

Plant Kingdom Characteristics

• Autotrophic
• Multicellular
• Cellulose-rich cell walls
• Eukaryotic
• Non-mobile
• Alternation of Generations life cycle

Bryophytes

• Nonvascular plants – lack true
vascular tissue
• Gametophyte is dominant
• Smallest plants of all (in terms of
height)
• Need water for sexual reproduction
• Three phyla:
• Liverworts
• Hornworts
• Mosses

Liverworts

Can be thallose or “leafy”
• Oldest of all living land plants

Hornworts

Very small plants
• Not very common

Mosses

Most diverse of all non-vascular plants
• Sporophyte composed of a capsule and seta

capsule

a protective outer layer

seta

a bristle or stiff hair-like appendage found in various invertebrates and some plants, particularly in mosses where it's the stalk supporting the sporangium

Vascular tissue

conducting tissue
of plants
• Xylem-
• Phloem –
• Vascular plants:
• Lycophytes
• Pterophytes
• Seed plants

Xylem

Transports water roots to leafs

Phloem

Transports nutrients leaf to other part of plant

Lycophytes – Club Mosses

• Oldest group of seedless vascular plants
• Spores produced in cone-like structures

Pteridophytes

Ferns and Allies
• Ferns, horsetails, and whisk ferns

Ferns

Leaves are called fronds
• Fertile fronds have sori on underside
• Young leaves called fiddleheads