Cells and Tissues Vocabulary Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering cellular organelles, histology, the cell cycle, and tissue classifications based on the lecture worksheet.

Cell histology

The study of the microscopic structure of cells and tissues in both plants and animals.

Tissue

A group of cells that join together to form a specific structure.

Cell Membrane

The structure made of a lipid bilayer that surrounds a cell and separates its inside from the outside.

Cytoplasm

The gel-like material that fills the inside of the cell.

Ribosomes

Organelles that make proteins and can float freely in the cytoplasm or attach to other structures.

Mitochondria

The “powerhouse” of the cell that turns oxygen and nutrients into usable energy.

Golgi Apparatus

The part of the cell that stores proteins later used to make enzymes and hormones.

Lysosomes

Organelles that release enzymes to break down the cell membrane and trigger apoptosis when a cell dies.

Vacuoles

Organelles that can isolate or trap materials that might be harmful to the cell.

Nucleus

The command center or “brain” of the cell which controls many important functions and contains the DNA.

Smooth Muscle

Type of muscle found in the walls of organs and blood vessels.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

An organelle that does not have ribosomes attached to it.

Cytokinesis

The final stage of the cell cycle.

Mitosis

The process by which a cell divides its nucleus and DNA to create two identical new cells.

Apoptosis

A term referring to programmed cell death.

Connective Tissue

A type of tissue containing collagen and elastin fibers; it does not cover body surfaces or line cavities.

Muscular Tissue

Tissue type made of myocytes that are specialized for movement and contraction.

Skeletal Muscle

The type of muscle that is under voluntary control.

Neurons

Specialized cells that send electrical impulses and allow communication throughout the body.