CSCI 1250 - Introduction to Computer Science Midterm

A __________ has no moving parts and operates faster than a traditional disk drive.

solid state drive

A(n) __________ is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task.

program

In the ___ part of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the CPU determines which operation it should perform.

decode

Modern CPUs are much ___ than the CPUs of early computers.

smaller and more powerful

Programs are commonly referred to as ___.

software

Real numbers are encoded using the ___ technique.

floating point

The ___ coding scheme contains a set of 128 numeric codes that are used to represent characters in the computer’s memory.

ASCII

The ___ translates an assembly language program to a machine language program.

assembler

The disk drive is a secondary storage device that stores data by ___ encoding it onto a spinning circular disk.

magnetically

The encoding technique used to store negative numbers in the computer’s memory is called ___.

two’s complement

The following is an example of an instruction written in which computer language: 10110000 ?

machine language

The physical devices that a computer is made of are referred to as ___.

hardware

The process known as the ___ cycle is used by the CPU to execute instructions in a program.

fetch-decode-execute

The smallest storage location in a computer’s memory is known as a ___.

bit

Today, CPUs are small chips known as ___.

microprocessors

What is the decimal value of the following binary number 10011101 ?

157

What is the largest value that can be stores in one byte?

255

What type of volatile memory is usually used only for temporary storage while running a program?

RAM

Where does a computer store a program and the data that the program is working with, while the program is running?

in main memory

Which computer language uses short words kown as mnemonics for writing programs?

Assembly

Which language is reffered to as a low-level language?

Assembly language

Which of the following is considered to be the world’s first programmable electronic computer?

ENIAC

Which of the following is not a major component of a typical computer system?

the operating system

Which type of error prevents the program from running?

syntax

TRUE or FALSE: A bit that is turned off is represented by the value -1

false

TRUE or FALSE: A software developer is the person with the training to design, create, and test computer programs.

true

TRUE or FALSE: All programs are normally stored in ROM and are loaded into RAM as needed for processing.

false

TRUE or FALSE: RAM is a volatile memory used for temporary storage while a program is running.

true

TRUE or FALSE: The CPU understands instructions written in a binary machine language.

true

TRUE or FALSE: The main reason to use secondary storage is to hold data for long periods of time, even when the power supply to the computer is turned off.

true

TRUE or FALSE: The Python language uses compiler which is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a high-level language.

false

A ___ error does not prevent the program from running, but causes it to produce incorrect results.

logic

A ___ is a name references a value in the computer’s memory.

variable

A ___ is a sequence of characters.

string

A string literal in Python must be enclosed in ___.

single-quotes or double-quotes

A(n) ___ is a diagram that graphically depicts the steps that take place in a program.

flowchart

A(n) ___ is a set of well-defined logical steps that must be taken to perform a task.

algorithm

After all three of the following statements execute, what value will be assigned to the ‘x’ variable?

x = 9

x = 8

x = 7

7

After the execution of the following statement, the variable price will reference the value ___.

price = int(68.549)

68

After the execution of the following statement, the variable will reference the numeric literal value as a(n) ___ data type.

sold= 256.752

float

After the execution of the following statement, what values will be assigned to the variables x, y, and z?

x, y, z = 9, 8, 7

x will be assigned 9, y will be assigned 8, and z will be assigned 7.

In a print statement, you can set the ___ argument to a space or empty string to stop the output from advancing to a new line.

end

The ___ function reads a piece of data that has been entered at the keyboard and returns that piece of data, as a string, back to the program.

input()

The line continuation character is a

\

What is the informal language, used by programmers to create models of programs, that has no syntax rules and is not meant to me compiled or executed?

pseudocode

What is the output of the following code?

val = 123.456789

print(f’{val:.3f}’)

123.457

What is the output of the following code?

val = 123456.789

print(f’{val:,.2f}’)

123,456.79

What is the output of the following statement, given that value1 = 2.0 and value2 = 12?

print(value1 * value2)

24.0

What is the output of the following statement?

print(‘The path is D:\\sample\\test.’)

The path is D:\sample\test.

What is the output of the following statement?

print(I\’m ready to begin’)

I’m ready to begin

What is the output?

print(‘One’

»» ‘Two’

»» ‘Three’)

OneTwoThree

What symbol is used to mark the beginning and end of a string?

a quote mark (“)

When using the // operator to perform division, what happens if the result is a negative number?

The result is rounded away from zero to the nearest integer.

Which mathematical operator is used to raise 5 to the second power in Python?

**

Which of the following will display 20%?

print(f’{0.2:.0%}’)

A Boolean variable can reference one of two values which are ____.

True or False

A(n) ___ structure is a logical design that controls the order in which a set of statements execute.

control

After this code executes, what value will be store in the variable z?

x = 0

y = 9

z = 1

if x > y

else 50

50

In Python the ___ symbol is used as the equality operator.

==

In Python the ___ symbol is used as the not-equal-to operator.

! =

Multiple Boolean expressions can be combines by using a logical operator to create ___ expressions.

compound

The decision structure that has two possible paths of execution is known as

dual alternative

What does the following expression mean?

x <= y

x is less than or equal to y

What does the following statement mean?

if not x > 10:

x is not greater than 10.

What happens if the colon : is missing after an ‘if’ statement?

SyntaxError

What is the output of the following code?

x = 10

if x > 5 and x < 15:

»»print (“Within range”)

Within range

What is the output of this code?

x = 15

if x % 2 == 0:

»»print(“Even”)

else:

»»print(“Odd”)

Odd

What is the result of the following Boolena expression, given that x = 5, y = 3, and z = 8?

x < y or z > x

True

What is the result of the following Boolean expression, given that x = 5, y = 3, and z = 8?

x < y and z > x

False

What is the result of the following Boolean expresson, given that x = 5, y = 3, and z = 8?

not (x < y or z > x) and y < z

False

What will be the output?

x = 5

if x > 3:

»» print(“Less than 3”)

else:

»» z = 2

print(z + x)

Runtime Error

What will the following code output?

x = 20

if x >= 15:

»» print(“Pass”)

else:

»»print(“Fail”)

Pass

When using the ___ logical operator, both subexpressions must be true for the compound expression to be true.

and

When using the ___ logical operator, one or both of the subexpressions must be true for the compound expression to be true.

or

Which logical operator has the highest precedence?

not

Which logical operators perform short-circuit evaluation?

or, and

Which of the following conditions checks if x if not equal to 10?

if x ! = 10:

What is the correct ‘if’ clause to determine whether “choice” is anything other than 10?

if choice ! = 10:

What is the correct ‘if’ clause to determine whether ‘y’ is in the range 10 through 50, inclusive?

if y >= 10 and y <= 50:

A(n) ___ is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task.

program

The physcial devices that a computer is made of are referred to as ___.

hardware

The part of a computer that runs programs is called ___.

the CPU

Today, CPUs are small chips know as ___.

microprocessors

The computer stores a program while the program is running, as well as the data that the program is working with, in ___.

main memory

This is a volatile type of memory that is used only for temporary storage while a program is running.

RAM

A type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time, even when there is no power to the computer, is called ___.

secondary storage

A component that collects data from people or other devices and sends it to the computer is called ___.

an input device

A video display is a(n) ___ device.

output

A ___ is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or a small number.

byte

A byte is made up of eight —-.

bits

In the ___ numbering system, all numeric values are written as sequences of 0s and 1s.

binary

A bit that is turned off represents the following value:

0

A set of 128 numeric codes that represent the English letters, various punctuation marks, and other characters is ___.

ASCII

An extensive encoding scheme that can represent characters for many languages in the world is ___.

Unicode

Negative numbers are encoded using the ___ technique.

two’s complement

Real numbers are encoded using the ___ technique.

floating point

The tiny dots of color that digital images are composed of are called ___.

pixels

If you were to look at a machine language program, you would see ___.

a stream of binary numbers

In the ___ part of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the CPU determines which operation it should perform.

decode

Computers can only execute programs that are written in ___.

machine language