Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry – Common Laboratory Apparatuses & Techniques (EXP 1)

Flashcards cover key laboratory apparatuses, their primary uses, and essential safety & handling precautions from Experiment 1 of Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry.

What laboratory apparatus is used to accurately measure the volume of liquids in millilitres?

Graduated cylinder

Which piece of glassware is designed to measure or transfer liquids with high accuracy, often using a bulb or pump?

Pipet

What device is attached to a water tap or vacuum line to suction out air or liquids?

Aspirator

Which broad-mouthed glass container is primarily used to hold solids or liquids without precise volume measurement?

Beaker

Which flask is calibrated to a single mark and used to accurately prepare solutions of known volume?

Volumetric flask

What conical-shaped flask is suitable for mixing, dissolving solids, and heating or cooling solutions?

Erlenmeyer flask

Which long, graduated glass tube allows accurate measurement and controlled dispensing of small liquid volumes?

Burette

Which instrument measures temperature and must be handled without touching the bulb?

Thermometer

Name two key precautions when using a thermometer.

Handle with care and avoid sudden temperature changes (also: do not hold the bulb, never shake, wash before and after use, and handle mercury spills cautiously).

Which electronic instrument is commonly used to weigh samples quickly in the laboratory?

Electronic balance

What highly sensitive balance enclosed in a draft shield is used for precise mass measurements?

Analytical balance

Which small glass tubes and their rack are used for mixing, heating, and storing small quantities of chemicals?

Test tubes and test-tube rack

What tool is used to safely hold and transport hot test tubes?

Test-tube holder

Which cleaning accessory is designed to scrub the inside walls of test tubes?

Test-tube brush

What shallow ceramic vessel allows separation of a solution’s components by evaporating the liquid?

Evaporating dish

List two safety rules when using an evaporating dish.

Use tongs or heat-resistant gloves and never heat the dish empty (also: heat gradually and avoid sudden temperature changes).

Which metal support equipment (ring + stand) stabilises glassware during experiments?

Iron ring and iron stand

What conical device aids in pouring liquids into narrow containers and can hold filter paper for filtration?

Funnel

What square mesh sheet with a ceramic centre diffuses heat and supports glassware over a flame?

Wire gauze

Which small glass or plastic tool transfers very small volumes of liquid, usually one drop at a time?

Dropper

What burner supplies an adjustable, high-temperature flame for laboratory heating?

Bunsen burner

Which simple spirit-fuelled device can provide heat when gas is unavailable?

Alcohol lamp

What concave piece of glass can cover beakers, allow small-scale evaporation, or hold solids for weighing?

Watch glass

Which glass rod is used for stirring mixtures and assisting in pouring liquids down a container wall?

Stirring rod

What paired equipment pulverises solids into fine powder form?

Mortar and pestle

Which small metal scoop transfers solid chemicals from containers?

Spatula

What round-bottom flask is used to separate mixtures of two liquids with different boiling points via distillation?

Distilling flask

Which pear-shaped glass vessel separates immiscible liquids during extraction procedures?

Separatory funnel

What metal tongs are specially shaped for gripping and transporting hot crucibles?

Crucible tongs

Which refractory ceramic vessel and lid are employed to heat solids to very high temperatures?

Crucible and cover

What clamp is designed to securely hold a burette on a stand during titrations?

Burette clamp

Which water-filled device gently heats samples, particularly flammable chemicals, at controlled temperatures?

Water bath

What three-legged metal stand supports apparatus above a Bunsen burner during heating?

Tripod

State three proper handling rules for pipets.

Clean before use, hold vertically, and use a pipet bulb or pump (also: never mouth-pipet and avoid touching the tip).

What is the golden rule for reagent bottles when transferring liquids?

Never return unused liquid back into the reagent bottle.