Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

right atrium

receives blood from the body

right ventricle

pumps blood to the lungs

left atrium

receives blood from the lungs

left ventricle

pumps blood to the body

endocardium

inner lining of the heart

myocardium

heart muscle layer

pericardium

sac around the heart

tricuspid valve

between the right atrium and right ventricle

pulmonary valve

between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery

mitral valve

between the left atrium and left ventricle

aortic valve

between the left ventricle and aorta

aorta

largest artery

vena cava

largest vein

artery

carries blood away from the heart

vein

carries blood toward the heart

capillary

tiny vessel where exchange occurs

SA node

natural pacemaker of the heart

systole

contraction of the heart

diastole

relaxation of the heart

sphygmomanometer

instrument that measures blood pressure

erythrocyte

red blood cell that carries oxygen

leukocyte

white blood cell that fights infection

thrombocyte

platelet that helps clotting

hemoglobin

oxygen carrying protein in red cells

plasma

liquid part of blood

anemia

deficiency of red cells or hemoglobin

leukemia

cancer of white blood cell forming tissue

hemophilia

inherited bleeding disorder

hematoma

collection of blood in tissue

hypertension

high blood pressure

hypotension

low blood pressure

tachycardia

fast heart rate

bradycardia

slow heart rate

arrhythmia

abnormal heart rhythm

angina pectoris

chest pain from reduced blood flow to the heart

myocardial infarction

heart attack

atherosclerosis

plaque buildup in arteries

arteriosclerosis

hardening of the arteries

congestive heart failure

heart cannot pump enough blood

aneurysm

bulging weak area in a vessel wall

thrombus

clot that stays in place

embolus

traveling clot

ischemia

reduced blood supply to tissue

murmur

abnormal heart sound

stenosis

narrowing

phlebitis

inflammation of a vein

varicose veins

swollen twisted veins

ECG

record of the heart electrical activity

echocardiogram

ultrasound of the heart

angioplasty

surgical repair of a vessel

CABG

coronary artery bypass graft

defibrillation

electric shock to restore normal heart rhythm

venipuncture

puncture of a vein to draw blood

lymph node

filters lymph

spleen

filters blood and stores red cells

thymus

gland where T lymphocytes mature

tonsils

lymphatic tissue that guards the throat

lymphedema

swelling from blocked lymph flow

lymphadenopathy

disease of the lymph nodes

lymphoma

tumor of lymph tissue

splenomegaly

enlarged spleen

antigen

substance that triggers an immune response

antibody

protein that fights an antigen

phagocyte

cell that engulfs pathogens

anaphylaxis

severe life threatening allergic reaction

autoimmune disease

body attacks its own tissue