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Social Science

Disciplines that study human societies and social relationships.

Behavioural Sciences

Includes the study of people, such as Anthropology, Psychology, and Sociology.

Inquiry Process

A systematic approach to investigate problems, including identifying a question, developing a hypothesis, gathering data, analyzing it, and drawing conclusions.

Bias

A type of writing that is for or against something, often using slanted language, exaggeration, name-calling, and other techniques.

Cultural Anthropology

The study of how culture shapes human behavior and involves observation as a primary research method.

Ethnocentrism

The tendency to judge other cultures based on one's own values.

Cultural Relativism

The attitude of respect and acceptance of other cultures in how they have developed ways to survive.

Forensic Anthropology

Using DNA and other physical evidence to identify culprits in crime scenes.

Physical Anthropology

The study of the physical and biological nature of humans as primates.

Bipedalism

The ability to walk on two legs, distinguishing humans from other primates.

Freud's Id

The unconscious part of the mind seeking pleasure.

Freud's Ego

The rational, conscious part of the mind that mediates between the id and superego.

Freud's Superego

The part of the unconscious mind that incorporates the values and morals of society.

Cognitive Psychology

A branch of psychology focusing on mental processes such as memory, learning, and thinking.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

A motivational theory in psychology comprising a five-tier model of human needs.

Conditioned Learning

Learning certain behaviours in response to environmental stimuli, such as classical and operant conditioning.

Socialization

The process in which individuals learn the ways of society and their culture through various agents like family, peers, school, and media.

Deviance

Behaviour that differs from the societal norm and can change based on the situation.

Relativity of Poverty

The comparison of one's standard of living to the national standard, distinguishing between absolute and relative poverty.

Folkways

Everyday manners and etiquette within a culture.

Norms

Accepted ways of behaving and acting towards others in society.

Structural Functionalism

The theory that various segments of society serve a purpose for society as a whole.

Cognitive Development Stages

Piaget's stages of cognitive growth in children: Sensorimotor, Pre-operational, Concrete-operational, and Formal-operational.

Research Methods in Social Science

Techniques such as case studies, surveys, experiments, and observations used to gather data.

Primary Emotions

Basic, fundamental emotions that can combine to create blended emotions.

Eustress

A positive or healthy form of stress that can motivate and lead to growth.

Mores

Norms involving ethical or moral judgments within a society.

Conflict Theory

The perspective that power dynamics hold society together, emphasizing competitive struggles.

Social Control

Methods used to ensure conformity within society, including both informal and formal controls.