Chapter 25-26-27

An EMT arrives on the scene for a three-year-old child who has ingested a conscious chemical from under the kitchen sink. The child has chemical burns around the mouth and on the hands, with spill chemicals noted on the child's clothes. What are the four steps an EMT should take first? Select all that apply. Move the patient out of the environment. Assess airway, breathing, and circulation. Do nothing and prepare for transport. Prepare for thermal decontamination. Remove contaminated clothing. Administer oxygen.

• Move the patient out of the environment

• Assess airway, breathing, and circulation

• Remove contaminated clothing

• Administer oxygen

Which of the following is the most common drug given in a pre-hospital setting for the treatment of ingested poisons? Activated charcoal, atropine, Epinephrine, 1:1000, or Ipecac.

Activated charcoal

You have an adult patient with an accidental petroleum poisoning. Which of the following is the most expected route for this poisoning? Inhaled, injected, ingested, absorbed.

Inhaled

You are called to a residence where a 27-year-old has just been removed from the building by the fire department. The patient has soot above the nose and mouth, which the following is your most immediate concern. Hypotension, a swelling airway, burns to the body, poisoning through inhalation.

A swelling airway

The following side-slash-lifting would differentiate the route in which poison was absorbed. Nausea-slash-vomiting, respiratory depression, burns around the mouth, dilated or constricted pupils.

Burns around the mouth

Which of the following is the most common route of entry of toxic substance into the body? Inhalation, ingestion, injection, absorption.

Ingestion

You have a patient with carbon monoxide poisoning. Which of the following is your most important treatment after removing the patient from the source? Nitroglycerine, activated charcoal, high flow oxygen, epinephrine auto-injector.

High-flow oxygen

Identify the signs and symptoms of a narcotic overdose. Seizures, headaches, and blurry vision. Respiratory, depression, paranoia, and hypotension. Increased respiration, tachycardia, and dilated pupils. Confusion, one-sided weakness, headaches, and tachycardia.

Respiratory depression, paranoia, and hypotension

You are called to treat a patient with a suspected narcotic overdose. You should be alert for which of the following hallucinations, allergic reactions, hypertensive crisis, respiratory depression.

Respiratory depression

From the list below, select the four route categories on how poisons enter the body. Select all that apply. Absorbed, Fecal, Ingested, Inhaled, Injected, Nasal, Oral, Topical.

• Absorbed

• Ingested

• Inhaled

• Injected

What is the name for the yellowing of the eye seen in severe cases of hepatitis? BiliRubin, Jaundice, Scleral icteris, McBurney's sign.

Scleral icterus.

A visceral pain usually starts in which of the following? The walls of solid organs, the walls of hollow organs, autonomic nerve fibers, organs that are bleeding.

autonomic nerve fibers.

Pain that originates in a region of the body other than where it is felt best defines which of the following somatic pain, visceral pain, referred pain, phantom pain.

referred pain.

Peritonitis is typically caused by which of the following? Ischemia, Infarction, Distention, and inflammation.

inflammation.

The information of the gallbladder is known as which of the following? Appendicitis, peptic ulcer disease, gastroenteritis, cholecystitis.

cholecystitis.

Which of the following signs would you most likely expect to see as you assess a patient with slow lower gastrointestinal bleed? Melena, hematuria, hematemesis, hematochezia.

hematochezia.

Which of the following is the least useful examination component of abdominal assessment in the pre-hospital setting? Auscultation, inspection, palpation, percussion.

percussion.

The short type of pain from the abdomen that travels along neural routes is known as which of the following? Referred pain, visceral pain, somatic pain, inflammation.

somatic pain.

Which type of pain would a patient describe as localized and intense? Somatic / parietal, visceral, referred, peritoneal

somatic (parietal) pain.

Pain associated with peritoneal irritation will typically be described by the patient as which of the following. Visceral, dull, poorly localized pain. Somatic, slash, parietal, dull, poorly localized pain. Visceral, sharp, easily localized pain. Somatic, slash, parietal, sharp, easily localized pain.

Somatic / parietal, sharp, easily localized pain.

Which of the following would be a method to calm a patient with a behavioral emergency? Take your time and listen to him. Try to interview the patient by yourself. Get close and touch the shoulder to show you care. If he is having hallucinations, stay with him as well.

Take your time and listen to him.

Which of the following reasons explains why we modify our behavior when treating a patient with behavioral emergency? We may make a borderline patient suicidal, treat the patient in a hurry can make the situation worse, we need to take time to that the hospital get prepared for the patient, the underlying cause of behavioral emergencies is psychological.

treat the patient in a hurry can make the situation worse.

What will lead you to suspect that a patient's behavior could erupt into violence flat effect, appears withdrawn, relaxed, and in control, rapid speech, and physical movement?

rapid speech and physical movement.

Which of the following would suggest to you that a patient is at an increased risk of suicide, sudden improvement from depression, thought about death after seeing an autopsy, and a 8-year-old who's being held back in school just received a job promotion he was expecting?

sudden improvement from depression.

In the case of a behavioral emergency, which of the following would be a psychological cause? Aspirin overdose, low blood sugar, reaction to stress, loss of a loved one.

reaction to stress.

When restraining a patient with shields of harm is most likely to harm a patient, it should be avoided. Cravats, handcuffs, roller gauze, spider straps.

handcuffs.

Which of the following patients will most likely require the application of restraints? A patient on PCP, a depressed patient, a patient with a somatoform disorder, a patient with dissociative disorder.

a patient on PCP.

Which of the following principle applies to assessing a behavioral emergency patient? Take your time. Do not identify yourself. Try to get vital signs early on. A detailed physical exam is essential.

Take your time.

While returning to your station, you observe a naked man walking along a busy city highway. As you approach the man, he begins yelling phrases that you cannot understand. He also yells some threats such as, take one more step and I will shoot you down. You can see the man does not have any weapons. You have called for police assistance because you believe it will take more manpower to hold the patient in the ambulance for transfer to the emergency department. You believe you must transport ? he has nowhere safe to stay., He is at risk of harming himself or others, who will be harmed by the cold temperatures., He is also not taking enough medication.

He is at risk of harming himself or others.

Police call you to a location for a 47-year-old patient who is displaying unusual behavior according to family. The patient has been displaying violent, aggressive behavior towards family and strangers. The police would like to EMS to rule out any medical problems. What would you expect to be the most common cause of behavioral emergency such as this one? Alcohol, hypoxia, infection, electrolyte imbalance.

alcohol.