DNA

Transcrption

Process of copying DNA onto mRNA

Protein Synthesis

process of making specific proteins through combining amino acids

In what 2 ways does protein synthesis occur?

Transcription, and translation

Nucleotide

Phosphate group, deoxyribode sugar, base

RNA polymerase

Reads the DNA strand to synthesise RNA during transcription. creates mRNA

Helicase enzyme

separates DNA strands by breaking hydrogen bonds between complimentary bases, unzips

1st step of transcription

Helicase enzyme seperates strands

2nd step of transcription

RNA Polymerase begins to make mRNA

3rd step of transcription

mRNA is completed when the RNA polymerase hits the stop command

4th step of transcription

mRNA can move out tot he cytoplasm

Introns

the section of DNA that is cut out of the mRNA because it doesnt code for an amino acids

Exon

the section of DNA that makes up mRNA because it does provide the code for amino acids

Purpose of transcription

DNA is in the nucleus, but protein synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm. DNA molecule too large to leave nucleus, therefore mRNA’s single strand is small enough to pass through core of the nucleus into cytoplasm