STS PRE LIMS

science

is the systematic way of acquiring knowledge through observation and experimentation

technology

is the practical application of science. It is used to design products that improve the quality of human life

society

people living together in a more or less ordered community

STS

The study of how social, political, and cultural values affect scientific research and technological innovation, and how these, in turn, affect society, politics, and culture.

1970s, Elting E. Morison, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

In the ____, _____ __ ____ founded the STS program at _______, which became a model for other programs.

Scientific Revolution

→ refers to the period between Copernicus and Newton.

Period when modern science emerged, transforming society’s views about nature through developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology, and chemistry.

Food Technology

Food preservation process such as canning, drying, and freezing have prolonged the shelf life of foods by protecting them from microbes and other agents of spoilage.

DNA Technology

Recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) technology has made possible the production of human insulin (which is used for diabetic patients) with the help of bacterium and yeast.

Nuclear Medicine Technology

diagnosis of internal parts of our body has been made easier through computerized axial tomography (CAT), position emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

LASER Technology

Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation, is used in various field such as communication, medicine and industry.

natural law

a system of right or justice held to be common to all humans. The unwritten body of universal moral principles that underlie the ethical and legal norms.

Patience & Perseverance, Open-mindedness, Truthfulness, Curiosity, Critical Outlook

Scientific Attitude and Behavior (POTCC)
→ Attitudes a science student should develop:

ARTURO ALCARAZ

"Father of Geothermal Energy Development"

BENJAMIN ALMEDA

"Father of Filipino Inventors"

Designed a food-processing machine.

JULIAN BANZON

→ Filipino biochemist and National Scientist of the Philippines.

→ Researched alternative fuels.
→ Produced ethyl ester fuels from sugarcane and coconut.

RAMON BARBA

→ Filipino inventor and horticulturist; National Scientist of the Philippines (2014).

→ Developed a method to induce more flowers in mango trees using ethrel and potassium nitrate.

Benjamin Cabrera

→ Developed drug treatments for diseases caused by mosquitoes and agricultural soil.

PAOLO CAMPOS

"The Father of Nuclear Medicine in the Philippines"

→ Built the first radioisotope laboratory in the Philippines.

MAGDALENA CANTORIA

→ Filipino botanist known for research on the morphology, physiology, and biochemistry of medicinal/drug plants.

Plants Studied
→ Agar, Rauwolfia, Datura, Mint, and Piper

JOSEFINO COMISO

→ Filipino physicist working at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.

Contribution
→ Researches global warming in the Arctic.
→ Warned about the effects of global warming.
→ First to discover a recurring polynya in the Cosmonaut Sea.

Polynya

→ A semi-permanent area of open water surrounded by sea ice.

LOURDES CRUZ

→ Filipino biochemist known for research on conotoxins, toxic peptides from the venom of marine snails.

ROLANDO DELA CRUZ

→ Invented DeBCC, an anti-cancer skin cream made from cashew nuts and local Philippine herbs.

EMERITA DE GUZMAN

→ Filipino scientist who developed tissue culture techniques for the rapid propagation of makapuno, abaca, and banana plants.

→ Studied the growth and development of makapuno coconut embryos in vitro, leading to faster propagation of pure makapuno trees.

14-19

Makapuno Nut Production
→ Increased from 3–5 nuts to

FE DEL MUNDO

The first woman admitted as a student of the Harvard Medical School she founded the first pediatric hospital in the Philippines.

Incubator

Fe Del Mundo

• Elizabeth Blackwell Award for "outstanding service to mankind"

• Ramon Magsaysay Award for outstanding public service

ANACLETO DEL ROSARIO

won the first prize at the World Fair in Paris in 1881 for his formula for producing a pure kind of alcohol from tuba of a nipa palm

extraction of castor oil from a native plant called palma christi

ERNESTO DEL ROSARIO

→ Developed methods for alcohol production from cellulosic and starchy materials.

ROBERTO DEL ROSARIO

→ Filipino inventor who created the Karaoke Sing-Along System in 1975.

→ Invented the “Minus One” karaoke machine, which separated music and vocals on magnetic tape.

DANIEL DINGEL

invented a “hydrogen reactor” able to power a water-fueled car

PEDRO ESCURO

→ Filipino scientist and rice breeder known for contributions to rice breeding.

→ Isolated 9 rice varieties:
Milpal 4, HBD-2, Azmil 26, C-22, C-18, C4-63, C4-137, C-168, and C-12.

AGAPITO FLORES

→ Filipino inventor who was claimed by some to have invented the fluorescent lamp.

ilocano, come back

The word yo-yo is an _____ word which means "______"

Pedro Flores

→ Filipino inventor who designed the modern yo-yo using lighter materials like wood and cotton strings.

US Military Jeeps

Jeepneys are the king of the Philippine roads. It was created by Filipinos from the _________ after the Americans left the country after the war

Ruperta David

Patis (fish sauce) has been around for less than 100 years. It was discovered by Aling Tentay, also known as _______

Patis

Its pungent saltiness has become the basis of Vietnamese and Thai fish sauce, which they consume and incorporate in their menus.

Erythromycin

is a macrolide antibiotic that was sold as an alternative to penicillin.

Abelardo Aguilar

Erythromycin was discovered by _________ who was from Iloilo.

Gregorio Zara

Invented videophone

Photo Phone Signal Separator Network

Video phone was officially known as the PPSSN

Diosdado Banatao

developed the first single chip graphical user interface accelerator (16-Bit Microchip)that made computers work a lot faster.

Francisco Quisumbing

The Quink quick drying ink' was invented by

Quink Quick Drying Ink

Aside from being quick drying, it was also water resistant, did not clog the pen opening, does not blot and will not fade.

Edgardo Vasquez

He developed the modular housing system using prefabricated materials designed to withstand typhoons and earthquakes, while being low-cost and adaptable to different housing designs.

Johannes Gutenberg

The printing press, invented by ____________ around 1440, was a major Renaissance invention that helped spread knowledge.

Andreas Vesalius

• Father of Modern Anatomy.

• He studied human anatomy by dissecting corpses and creating detailed illustrations of the human body.

• Later, he became the personal doctor of Charles V.

Giordano Bruno

• Italian monk who spread Copernicus’ belief in a heliocentric universe

• Heliocentric = Sun is at the center, with planets orbiting it

• Believed the universe was governed by science

• Burned at the stake by Catholic authorities for spreading heresy

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

• Father of MicrobioLogy

• Discovered bacteria using microscopes

• Observed bacteria, which he called “little animals” or “animalcules”

• Made important observations of microorganisms

William Harvey

• Scientist known for discovering how blood circulates in the human body

• Studied the heart through dissections of animals

• Discovered that the heart acts like a pump

• Explained how heartbeats and valves move blood throughout the body

Robert Boyle

• Father of Modern Chemistry

• Conducted advanced experiments using the experimental method

• Discovered Boyle’s Gas Law, which relates gas pressure and volume

• Believed in the existence of atoms

Paracelsus

• Doctor who rejected the traditional humor imbalance theory of illness

• Studied chemical causes of diseases to develop treatments

• Supported the Hermetic Doctrine

• Studied alchemy and the connection between science and God

Tycho Brahe

• Believed in a geocentric universe, where Earth is at the center

• Rejected Copernicus’ heliocentric model

• Used a large observatory/laboratory built by the King of Denmark

• Made 20 years of detailed astronomical observations

• Showed that the stars were not fixed in the way people traditionally believed

Johannes Kepler

• Tycho Brahe’s assistant

• Used Brahe’s data to confirm that Earth revolves around the Sun

• Developed the 3 Laws of Planetary Motion

• 1st Law: Planets orbit the Sun in ellipses, not perfect circles

• 2nd Law: A planet’s speed changes depending on its distance from the Sun

• 3rd Law: Planetary orbits can be calculated mathematically

Nicolaus Copernicus

• Proposed that Earth revolves around the Sun

• Challenged the belief that Earth was stationary

• Member of the Church

• Published his findings near the end of his life

• His ideas started the Copernican Revolution

Francis Bacon

• English politician and philosopher

• Rejected relying solely on authority

• Supported the empirical method — gaining knowledge through observation and experience

• Promoted inductive reasoning — forming general conclusions from specific observations

Galileo Galilei

• Promoted experimental physics and observational astronomy

• Studied inertia and made important astronomical observations using a telescope

• Supported the heliocentric universe

• Challenged Church teachings and was forced to renounce his scientific claims during the Roman Inquisition

René Descartes

• Mathematician and philosopher

• Wrote Discourse on Method in French to make his ideas accessible to more people

• Promoted deductive reasoning — using logical steps to reach conclusions

• Believed ideas should be accepted only when they can be proven through reasoning

• Famous for “I think, therefore I am”

Isaac Newton

• Developed calculus

• Formulated the 3 Laws of Motion

• 1st Law: Inertia — an object stays at rest or in motion unless acted on by an unbalanced force

• 2nd Law: Force = mass × acceleration (F = ma)

• 3rd Law: Every action has an equal and opposite reaction

• His discoveries helped establish the Newtonian Universe, where nature can be described mathematically

On the Origin of Species

Charles Darwin’s famous book outlining his theory of evolution is__________________, first published on November 24, 1859.