APUSH Imperialism, Progressives, and WWI

Influence of Sea Power On World

A history of naval warfare that said that supremacy at sea was essential for a nation’s political and commercial success; caused militarism and nationalism.

White Man’s Burden:

The responsibility of the white west to provide people of the world with law, democracy, and medicine.

Open Door Policy:

A foreign policy established by the United States in the late 19th century that declared that every nation should have equal access over China’s market, making it open to everyone.

Spanish American War:

Yellow journalism, De Lome Letter, and the explosion of the U.S.S. Maine blamed on Spain led to the war; TR earns glory w rough riders in San Juan Hill; The U.S. wins, pays over $20 million, and acquires Puerto Rico, Guam, the Philippines, and control over Cuba.

Insurgents Revolt:

A violent uprising in China from 1899-1901 that aimed to expel foreigners from the country; anti-foreign, imperialist, and Christian.

Big Stick Diplomacy:

TR’s policy/theory that peace was to be kept but military force was present if necessary; “speak softly and carry a big stick”.

Eugene Debs:

An outspoken leader of the labor movement who opposed Woodrow Wilson as the party candidate in 1912 election he was later arrested for violating sedition acts.

Bull Moose Party:

When TR failed to secure the Republican party nomination, he formed the progressive/ “bull moose” party and ran for president on its ticket.

Elkins- Hepburn Act:

Elkins Act- A 1903 federal law that amended the interstate commerce act of 1887 that authorized the ICC to impose heavy fines on railroads that offered rebates which weekend corporate trusts.

Hepburn Act- Gave the ICC the power to regulate railroads.

Panama Canal:

The United States wanted to find a quicker way to sail from coast to coast for military purposes which they tried to buy this access from the Columbians, but when they wouldn’t let them, the U.S. assisted a revolt in Panama that led to them giving the U.S. permission to build the canal.

Roosevelt Corollary:

An addition to the Monroe doctrine that stated that the U.S. could intervene in Latin American countries to keep them stable and make sure they payed their debts.

The Jungle:

An expose of conditions in the Chicago stockyards that led to the U.S. pure food and drug acts being passed.

The Square Deal:

A more fair deal from TR between big businesses and labor. Made it so that the government does not always side with big businesses; 3 C’s- Control of Cooperation, Consumer Protection, and Conservation of Natural Resources.

Muckraker:

Journalists who exposed problems in society.

Self Determination:

A nation can seek to create it’s own independent government or state.

Lusitania:

A german torpedo sank the ship killing 128 Americans while America was neutral in the war.

Sussex Pledge:

Germany promised to warn America and not sink any American passenger ships.

14 Points:

Wilson’s strategy for finding and end to the war and negotiating long term peace.

Irreconcilables/ Henry Cabot Lodge/ Treaty of Versailles:

The treaty of Versailles ended WWI and forced Germany to take blame for and pay for the war. The Republicans “irreconcilables” rejected the treaty and refused to join the League of Nations. Lodge added 14 reservations to the treaty before approving it.

Triple Wall of Privilege:

Wilson’s attack of the tariff, the banks, and the trusts.

Federal Reserve Act:

The federal reserve system, a central banking system in the U.S.

Adamson Act:

Established and 8 hour workday and established overtime compensation.

League of Nations:

An international organization created in the first world war to provide a forum for resolving international disputes.