Flashcards for d- and f- Block Elements Lecture

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary and concepts related to the d- and f- block elements as discussed in the lecture.

d-block elements

Elements of groups 3-12 in the periodic table where d orbitals are filled.

f-block elements

Elements where 4f and 5f orbitals are filled, placed at the bottom of the periodic table.

Transition metals

Metals with incomplete d subshell either in neutral atoms or ions.

Inner transition metals

Elements of the f-block, including lanthanoids and actinoids.

Lanthanoids

The 14 elements following lanthanum (atomic numbers 57-71), characterized primarily by the filling of 4f orbitals.

Actinoids

The 14 elements from actinium to lawrencium (atomic numbers 89-103) with complex chemistry and radioactivity.

Oxidation state

The charge of an ion when an element loses or shares electrons, particularly variable in transition metals.

Electronic configuration

The distribution of electrons in atomic or molecular orbitals.

Catalytic properties

The ability of transition metals to facilitate reactions without undergoing permanent changes themselves.

Paramagnetism

The property of being attracted by a magnetic field due to unpaired electrons.

Lanthanoid contraction

The gradual decrease in the size of lanthanoid ions with increasing atomic number due to poor shielding of f-electrons.

Complex compounds

Compounds formed when metal ions bind to anions or neutral molecules.

Disproportionation

A reaction where a single substance simultaneously oxidizes and reduces.

Examples of precious metals

Silver, gold, and platinum, known for their economic value and usage in jewelry and currency.

Preparation of KMnO4

Formed by the fusion of MnO2 with an alkali and an oxidizing agent like KNO3.

Potassium dichromate

K2Cr2O7, a strong oxidizing agent used in various chemical reactions.

High enthalpy of atomisation

The energy needed to separate one mole of a substance into its gaseous atoms; higher in transition metals.

Noble metals

Metals resistant to corrosion and oxidation in moist air, including gold and platinum.

Alloys

A mixture of metals which have enhanced properties, such as brass and bronze.