Total Fertility Rate

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

average number of children a woman in a population will bear throughout her lifetime

higher TFR = higher birth rate, higher population growth rate (generally)

TFR is Affected By

age female has first child, education for females, access to family planning, laws

Replacement Fertility

rate at which a population replaces itself from one generation to next

if TFR = replacement fertility rate —> population size is stable

about 2.1 (always slightly greater than 2)

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

number of deaths of children under 1 year per 1,000 people in a population

higher in less developed countries due to lack of access to: health care, clean water, enough food

higher IMR = higher TFR due to families having replacement children

Factors in IMR Decline

access to clean water, access to healthcare, more reliable food supply

Fertility

pregnancy or the capacity to become pregnant or to have children