Chapter 10 APHuG

Is the largest concentration of the least developed countries in the world today in Latin America?

This is a false statement about worldwide patterns of development

Benefit of the membership in the European Union

Member states form a single market which creates a powerful economic bloc

Core periphery models are based on what idea?

Sharp spatial contrasts in social and economic development exist between economic heartlands and outlying subordinate areas

Economic complementaries between two places tend to what?

Occur when each place specializes in commodities demanded by the other

Explain a limitation of the political map shown in conveying economic information

In the context of free trade, the borders between the member states are irrelevant

Free trade zones such as the countries of the North American Free Trade Agreement are established to increase the ease and volume of international trade by...

Eliminating tariffs on good that cross borders between member states

Compare Spain and Kuwait GII

Large number of women in the Spanish legislature but few in Kuwait

Difference between the Human Development Index and Gender Inequality Index

Although there are more women in wage labor force, females do not necessarily have the same level of empowerment as men

Limitation of gross national income per capita as the only measure of a country's level of development

A country can have a high level of economic and social development that is not reflected in annual production and trade data

One limitation associated with utilizing the measures of development

All stats aggregate data to the country level. Frequently there is a great deal of variation in development within countries that is hidden by aggregated data

Accurate statement about HDI and GII

Increased levels of economic development often conceal gender inequities

Crossing which of the following borders requires few, if any, formalities and thus encourages the free flow of people and products?

Netherlands and Belgium

Compared with more-developed countries, which of the following statements is true of less developed countries

A higher percent of the labor force is engaged in food production.

A map of the world is shown with the water shaded grey and the land left white. Labels A through E are shown at different locations. A is along the eastern coast of North America. B is slightly northeast of the center of Africa. C is in South Asia. D is on an island to the east of continental Asia. E is in Australia.

On the map above, which one of the following boxes is in an area where the population density is high and the level of economic development is low

C

Economic activities that involve the extraction of natural resources, such as lumbering, fishing, mining, and agriculture, are called

Primary economic activities

Environmental laws, labor availability, and access to markets are major factors affecting which of the following?

Manufacturing locations

The map shows the locations of world financial, banking, and investment centers. Which of the following best explains a limitation of the map's representation of global economic patterns?

The map does not show the growth of investment in businesses in less developed countries

In Latin America, data for employment in many large urban areas are most likely to be incomplete because

Many people work in the informal sector

The two images illustrate advancements in technology resulting from the Industrial Revolution. Comparing the images, which of the following statements best illustrates an impact of the Industrial Revolution on society?

The invention of the steam engine and the construction of steel bridges to carry trains across various physical features led to ever-increasing demand for the materials and labor to build more trains and tracks.

IMAGE 1

Image 1 presents a photograph of bridge. The bridge appears to be built of stone, and has three arches of approximately equal size.

IMAGE 2

Image 2 presents a photograph of a bridge. The bridge appears to be built of iron, and has one large arch at its center, and two smaller arches near its ends.

Source: Pixabay

In the context of industrialization, how does the use of the building materials in Image 1 compare to the use of building materials in Image 2 ?

The development of the metals industry led to the construction of higher and longer bridges, a reduced need for stone as a building material, and rapid industrialization

It is generally agreed that the current trend in climate change is caused by

increased use of fossil fuels

Many companies moved their operations from New England and the Midwest to locations in the South because

the South had less expensive site factors than northern regions

One would expect to find a population with a relatively young age structure in

less developed countries

Outsourced industrial production in less-developed countries often relies on female labor because

Wage rates for women are much lower than for men.

Quaternary economic activities are those that

involve the collection, processing, and manipulation of information

Rostow's modernization model is concerned with which of the following concepts?

Economic development

Which of the following explains the spatial patterns of economic development for most countries in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam?

Most Southeast Asian countries are considered to be part of the semiperiphery because of the extensive growth of the secondary economic sector.

Specialty agriculture and timber production have increased the level of development and gross national income (GNI) of Chile's economy through which of the following?

Export sales to consumers in the United States, Japan, and other foreign markets

Which of the following explains a significant obstacle to sustainable development in more developed countries?

The reliance on fossil energy sources for electric generation and vehicle fuel has depleted resources globally and contributed to atmospheric pollution in cities.

Which of the following explains a negative effect that can occur in countries that depend on ecotourism as a pathway to sustainable economic development?

The development of ecotourism can attract multinational tourism corporations that take their earnings out of the country while attracting tourists who impact the local environment.

The early stages of the core-periphery model describe the

relationship of power and the transfer of resources from less developed to more developed areas

The Internet is reshaping traditional economic arrangements by

expanding the importance of express package delivery systems

The literacy rate of any country correlates most closely with which of the following?

per capita income

Which of the following statements explains a weakness in Rostow's stages of economic growth model?

The model is based on successive stages that countries must pass through independently until they reach high mass consumption without taking into account that countries are interdependent.

Which of the following best explains a trading relationship between two countries based on comparative advantage?

Each country specializes in the type of good for which it has the lowest opportunity cost, resulting in a higher global output of both types of goods.

Which of the following can be categorized as a primary activity?

coal mining

Which of the following has brought significant numbers of foreign visitors and currency to Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nepal, and Belize

ecotourism

Which of the following has fostered the most significant economic growth by eliminating import tariffs between member states?

European Union (EU)

Which of the following is positively correlated with gross domestic product (GDP) per capita?

Carbon dioxide emission per capita

Which of the following is the primary geographic effect of the globalization of the economy?

Production is shifted to low-cost locations in developing countries

Which of the following variables has an inverse or negative relationship with the level of economic development of a country?

birth rate

Australia, Ireland, and Germany have the highest GII values in the table shown. What do these countries' high GII values indicate when compared to their HDI values?

These countries have less gender equality despite high levels of education and health care.

Which of the following explains a limitation of the three-tiered structure of Wallerstein's world systems theory?

The model locks most countries into the development model of core, semiperiphery, and periphery with little opportunity for peripheral economies to advance into the wealthy core.

Which statement explains one way in which the transformation of India's economy contradicts Wallerstein's world system theory?

Using a development strategy to avoid economic dependency, India has been able to develop its own industries and participate fully in the global economy.