Anthro Vocab Evolutionary Mechanisms

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Evolution

change in a population through time

Mutation

random change in DNA

Gene flow

when alleles move from one population to another

Natural selection

when an heritable trait affords advantages/disadvantages in survival or reproduction, it increases or decreases in frequency through time

Sexual selection

when an heritable trait affords advantages/disadvantages in access to more or better mates, it increases or decreases in frequency through time

Genetic drift

a change in allele frequencies

Founder effect

when a small group leaves a parent population to start a new one, the daughter population is different from the parent population due to sampling error

Bottlenecking

when survivorship through a drastic population reduction is random, the daughter population is different from the parent population due to sampling error