Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

These flashcards cover key concepts and definitions related to reactions in aqueous solutions, solubility, and the behavior of ionic compounds.

What is a solution?

A homogeneous mixture where the solute is dissolved in the solvent.

What is the difference between solute and solvent?

Solute is the substance being dissolved present in the smaller amount, while solvent is the substance doing the dissolving present in the larger amount.

What is an aqueous solution?

A solution in which water is the solvent.

What process occurs when NaCl dissolves in water?

Ionic bonds in NaCl break, and some hydrogen bonds in water are separated.

What types of forces hold water molecules together?

Dipole-dipole attractions, including hydrogen bonding.

What do we call the forces that form between ions and water molecules in a solution?

Ion-dipole forces.

How do we write the dissolution equation for NaCl?

NaCl (s) → Na+ (aq) + Cl- (aq).

What is meant by solubility in the context of ionic compounds?

Solubility is how readily or completely a solute dissolves in a solvent, with soluble ionic compounds dissociating into ions when dissolved.

What is a molecular equation?

An equation that gives the original substances in a reaction.

What is the difference between the ionic equation and the net ionic equation?

The ionic equation shows all species as they exist in solution, while the net ionic equation excludes non-reacting spectator ions.

What does the term 'inventory of a solution' refer to?

Identifying the chemical species present in a solution after a reaction.

What does molarity (M) measure?

The number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution.

How can you calculate the molarity of a solution?

Using the formula molarity (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution.

What volume of a 0.540 M NaCl solution contains 0.33 moles of NaCl?

You would need 180 mL of the 0.540 M NaCl solution.

Why do some ionic compounds remain insoluble in water?

They do not dissociate into ions when mixed with water due to strong ionic attractions.

A solution is a mixture where the solute is dissolved in the .

homogeneous; solvent.

In a solution, the is the substance being dissolved, while the is the substance doing the dissolving.

solute; solvent.

An solution is one in which water is the .

aqueous; solvent.

The dissolution equation for NaCl can be written as .

NaCl (s) → Na+ (aq) + Cl- (aq).

Molarity (M) measures the number of of solute dissolved per of solution.

moles; liter.