EXAM 3: Chapter 11 The Muscular System III: Muscles of the Appendicular Skeleton (Part 1: Upper Extremity)単語カード | Quizlet

pectoralis minor

flat, thin muscle directly underneath and obscured by pectoralis major

o: anterior surfaces of ribs 3-5

i: coracoid process of scapula

a: draws scapula forward and downward

serratus anterior

fan-shaped muscle; lies deep to scapula, serrated appearance

o: by a series of muscles slips form ribs 1-8

i: entire anterior surface of ventral border of scapula

a: rotates scapula so that its inferior angle move laterally and upward

subclavius

small cylindrical muscle extending from rib 1 to clavicle

o: costal cartilage of rib 1

i: groove on inferior surface of clavicle

a: helps stabilize and depress pectoral girdle

trapezius

most superficial muscle of posterior thorax

o: occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spines of C7 and T1-T12

i: clavicle and scapula (acromion and scapular spine)

a: stabilizes, raises, retracts, depress, and rotates scapula

levator scapulae

located at back and side of neck, deep to trapezius; thick, straplike muscle

o: transverse process of C1-C4

i: medial border of the scapula, superior to the spine

a: elevates/adducts scapula

rhomboid major and minor

two rectangular muscles lying deep to trapezius

o: spinous processes of C7 and T1 (minor) and spinous processes of T2-T5 (major)

i: medial border of scapula

a: stabilizes scapula

pectoralis major

large, fan-shaped muscle covering upper portion of chest

o: sternal and inferior portion of clavicle, body of sternum, cartilage of ribs 1-6, and aponeurosis of external oblique muscle

i: glatreater tubercle and lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

a: prime mover of arm flexor; rotates arm medially; adducts arm

latissimus dorsi

broad, flat, triangular muscle of lumbar region (lower back); covered by trapezius superiorly; contributes to posterior wall of axilla

o: spinous processes of inferior thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae, ribs 8-12, and thoracolumbar fascia

i: spirals around teres major to insert into floor of intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

a: prime mover of arm extension; arm adductor; medially rotates arms at shoulder

deltoid

thick, multipennate muscle forming rounded shoulder muscle mass (common site for injections)

o: clavicle and scapula

i: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

a: PRIMER MOVER IN ARM ABDuction

teres major

flat, thin muscle directly beneath and obscured by pectoralis major

o: inferior angle of scapula

i: medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

a: EXTENDS, MEDIALLY ROTATES and ADDUCTS HUMERUS

subscapularis

forms part of posterior wall of axilla; A ROTATOR CUFF MUSCLE

o: subscapular fossa of scapula

i: lesser tubercle of humerus

a: CHIEF MEDIAL ROTATOR of HUMERUS

supraspinatus

posterior aspect of scapula; deep to trapezius, A ROTATOR CUFF MUSCLE

o: supraspinous fossa of scapula

i: superior part of greater tubercle of humerus

a: INITIATES ABDuction at shoulder

infraspinatus

partially covered by deltoid and trapezius; A ROTATOR CUFF MUSCLE

o: infraspinous fossa of scapula

i: greater tubercle of humerus posterior to insertion of supraspinatus

a: ROTATES HUMERUS LATERALLY

teres minor

small, elongated muscle located interior to infraspinatus; A ROTATOR CUFF MUSCLE

o: lateral border of dorsal scapular surface

i: greater tubercle of humerus inferior to infraspinatus insertion

a: ROTATES HUMERUS LATERALLY

Coracobrachialis

small, cylindrical muscle

o: coracoid process of scapula

i: medial surface of humerus shaft

a: FLEXION, ADDUCTION OF HUMERUS

SYNERGIST OF PECTORALIS MAJOR

triceps brachii

posterior compartment of the arm

o: long head - infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

lateral head - posterior shaft of humerus

medial head - posterior humeral shaft distal to radial groove

i: common tendon into olecranon process of ulna

a: POWERFUL FOREARM EXTENSOR

anconeus

blends with distal end of triceps on posterior humerus

o: lateral epicondyle of humerus

i: lateral aspect of olecranon process of ulna

a: ABducts ULNA during forearm PRONATION

biceps brachii

two heads

o: short head - coracoid process of scapula;

long head - supraglenoid tubercle and lip of glenoid cavity of scapula

i: common tendon into radial tuberosity

a: FLEXION AT ELBOW AND SHOULDER; SUPINATES FOREARM

brachialis

deep to biceps brachii, most lateral

o: anterior, distal surface of humerus

i: coronoid process of ulna and capsule of elbow joint

a: MAJOR FOREARM FLEXOR

Brachioradialis

superficial muscle of lateral forearm

o: lateral supracondylar ridge at distal end of humerus

i: base of styloid process of radius

a: SYNERGIST IN FOREARM FLEXION

anterior aspect

where are flexors found on forearm?

posterior aspect

where are extensors found on forearm?

flexor and extensor retinaculum

band-like thickenings of deep fascia

firmly anchor long tendons of forearm muscles - inserts in the hand distally

keeps tendons from jumping outward when hand is hyperflexed or hyperextended

palmar aponeurosis

sheet-like tendinous extension of the insertion tendon of the palmaris longus muscle

pronator teres

two-headed muscle; seen in superficial view between proximal margins of brachioradialis and flexor carpi radialis

o: medial epicondyle of humerus; coronoid process of ulna

i: common tendon into lateral radius, midshaft

a: PRONATES FOREARM

flexor carpi radialis

runs diagonally across forearm

o: medial epicondyle of humerus

i: bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bones

a: POWERFUL FLEXOR OF WRIST; ABDucts HAND

palmaris longus

superficial to the flexor retinaculum, landmark anterior muscle; inserts into palmar aponeurosis

o: medial epicondyle of humerus

i: palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum

a: TENSES SKIN AND FASCIA OF PALM DURING HAND MOVEMENTS

flexor carpi ulnaris

most medial anterior muscle; two-headed; ulnar nerve lies lateral to its tendon

o: medial epicondyle of humerus; olecranon process and posterior surface of ulna

i: pisiform and hamate bones and base of 5th metacarpal

a: POWERFUL FLEXOR of WRIST; ADDUCTS HAND

flexor digitorum superficialis

two-headed muscle; more deeply placed

o: medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna; shaft of radius

i: by four tendons into middle phalanges of fingers 2-5

a: FLEXION AT MIDDLE PHALANGES OF FINGERS 2-5 and WRIST JOINTS

flexor pollicis longus

partly covered by flexor digitorum superficialis; lies lateral and parallel to flexor digitorum profundus

o: anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane

i: distal phalanx of thumb

a: FLEXES DISTAL PHALANX OF THUMB

flexor digitorum profundus

deep

o: anteromedial surface of ulna and interosseous membrane

i: by four tendons into distal phalanges of fingres 2-5

a: FLEXES DISTAL INTERPHALANGEAL JOINTS

pronator quadratus

deepest muscle of distal forearm; passes downward and laterally

o: distal portion of anterior unlar shaft

i: distal surface of anterior radius

a: PRIME MOVER OF FOREARM PRONATION

extensor carpi radialis longus

parallels brachioradials on lateral forearm, and may blend with it

o: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

i: base of second metacarpal

a: EXTENDS WRIST

extensor carpi radialis brevis

somewhat short than extensor carpi radialis longus and lies deep to it

o: lateral epicondyle of humerus

i: base of 3rd metacarpal

a: EXTENDS and ABDucts WRIST

synergist to extensor carpi radialis longus

extensor digitorum

lies medial to extensor carpi radialis brevis

o: lateral epicondyle of humerus

i: by 4 tendons into extensor expansions and distal phalanges of digits 2-5

a: PRIME MOVER OF FINER EXTENSION; ABDucts (flare fingers)

extensor carpi ulnaris

most medial of superficial posterior muscles; long and slender

o: lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior border of ulna

i: base of 5th metacarpal

a: EXTENDS WRIST; ADDUCTS WRIST

supinator

deep muscle at posterior aspect of elbow

o: lateral epicondyle of humerus; proximal ulna

i: proximal end of radius

a: ASSISTS BICEPS BRACHII TO SUPINATE FOREARM

ABDuctor pollicis longus

lateral and parallel to extensor pollicis longus; distal to supinator

o: posterior surface of radius and ulna; interosseous membrane

i: base of 1st metacarpal and trapezium

a: ABDucts and EXTENDS THUMB; ABDUCTION AT WRIST JOINT

extensor pollicis brevis and longus

deep muscle pair

o: dorsal shaft of radius and ulna; interosseous membrane

i: base of proximal and distal phalanx of thumb

a: EXTENDS THE THUMB; ABDuction at WRIST JOINT

extensor indicis (profundus)

tiny muscle close to wrist

o: posterior surface of distal ulna; interosseous membrane

i: extensor expansion of index finger; joints tendon of extensor digitorum

a: EXTENDS INDEX FINGER