Gravitation

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture notes on gravitation, focusing on gravity, Newton's law of gravitation, and related principles.

Gravity is essential in shaping the universe and keeps us firmly held on ______.

Earth

Newton's law of universal gravitation states that every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the ______ of the distance between their centers.

square

The Milky Way is a galaxy comprised of stars, dust, and gas held together by ______.

gravitational force

Newton's law of universal gravitation laid the foundation for the development of ______.

classical mechanics

The gravitational constant G has a value of ______.

6.67 × 10^{-11} N m² kg^{-2}.

Gravitational force is always ______ and does not depend on the medium between the masses.

attractive

The relationship F = G (m_1 m_2)/ r² represents the ______ of universal gravitation.

law

According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, if the force on mass 'm2' caused by mass 'm1' is 'F21', then there is also a force on mass 'm1' caused by mass 'm2', which is ______.

F12

The gravitational field strength, denoted by 'g', is equivalent to ______.

acceleration due to gravity

When moving away from the Earth's surface, the value of gravitational field strength 'g' ______.

decreases

Gravitational potential energy refers to the work done per unit mass in bringing a mass from ______.

infinity to a point

The formula for gravitational potential energy, U, in relation to mass and distance is U = -GMm/r, where G is the ______.

gravitational constant

At certain distances, satellites are called ______ satellites if they take exactly 24 hours to circle the Earth.

geostationary

The orbital velocity of a satellite in orbit is influenced by the ______ of the larger body it is orbiting.

mass

If the orbital distance of a satellite is doubled, the gravitational force it experiences decreases by a factor of ______.

4