Functional Anatomy of the Endocrine Glands

Regulate the function of another endocrine gland ( tropic)

ACTH, FSH, LH, TSH ( Anterior pituitary)

Maintain salt and water balance in the extracellular fluid

Aldosterone from the adrenal cortex, and ADH from the Hypothalamus

Directly involved in milk production and ejection

prolactin from the anterior pituitary, oxytocin from the hypothalamus

Controls the rate of body metabolism and cellular oxidation

T3/T4 from the thyroid gland

regulates blood calcium levels

PTH from the parathyroid glands

Regulates blood glucose levels, produced by the same ‘mixed” gland

insulin and glucagon from the pancreas

Released in response to stressors

cortisol from the adrenal cortex and epinephrine from the adrenal medulla

Drive development of secondary sex characteristics in males

testosterone from the testes

Directly responsible for regulation of the menstrual cycle

Estrogen and progesterone from the ovaries.

Calcitonin is produced by which cell type?

parafollicular cells of the thyroid

T4/T3 is produced by which cell type?

Follicular cells of the thyroid

Insulin is produced by which cell type?

Beta cells of the pancreatic islets

Glucagon is produced by which cell type?

Alpha cells of the pancreatic islets

TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH are produced by which cell type?

Basophil cells of the anterior pituitary

Glucocorticoids is produced by which cell type?

Zona fasciculata cells

Mineralcorticoids is produced by which cell type?

Zona Glomerulosa cells

PTH is produced by which cell type?

parathyroid cells

GH, prolactin is produced by which cell type?

Acidophil cells of the anterior pituitary