Paper 1: AD iclicker and quiz questions

Long-term potentiation of excitatory synaptic transmission could result from where?

an increase in glutamate release and in the number of glutamate receptors.

What is a likely reason that a research study covers an old question?

technology not available till now to address question

What part of the brain is generally first affected by AD?

the hippocampus

Historically, how was AD most definitively diagnosed?

postmortem precence of amyloid plaques

Beta amyloid and tau are what kind of molecules?

proteins

Where is cerebrospinal fluid found in the nervous system?

surrounding the brain, within the ventricles of the brain, and surrounding the spinal cord.

What describes a set of measurements with high accuracy but low precision?

the measurements are all very close to the tru value but are spreas far apart from each other.

Which figure best supported the title of the research paper?

figure two, which shows the accuracy of p-Tau217 immunoassay in detecting AB and tau positivity and discriminating AD individuals from amyloid positive individuals

Where did the investigators get their data?

the three large AD research programs

What does the statistical median mean in a data set?

the middle value when the data set is arranged in order

What does the standard deviation from the mean indicate?

How likely a datapoint falls within a normal distribution

What does the P-value represent?

chances that the results are just a random fluke

What does Alpha-beta positivity mean in panel A?

determining the accuracy of detection of alpha-beta in the CSF

What might the presence of p-tau in the blood suggest?

could indicate widespread apoptosis, may suggest neuroinflammation or amyloid angiopathy compromises the blood brain barrier, and that peripheral neurons may release p-tau.

within this study, what is the significance of high p-tau levels in the blood?

it correlates with other measurements of tau and beta amyloid.

what disease is the focus of the study highlighted by the news article?

Alzheimers diseas

tau and amyloid are both

proteins

what role does amyloid play in Alzheimers disease according to the article?

it forms plaques that interfere with communication between nerve cells.

What new test described in the article requires?

taking blood from the patient

What is a condition the CANNOT mimic alzheimers symptoms?

parkinsons disease

What conditions can mimic alzheimers disease?

vascular demetia, sleep apnea, vitamin B12 deficiency, and depression

What is needed before blood tests can be used routinely to screen for alzheimers disease?

Guidlines for physician use must be established.