EVANTH Midterm 1

Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene, Pliocene, Pleistocene, Holocene

Order the Cenzoic Eras

homologous structures

Structures in different species that are similar because of common ancestry.

analogous structures

similarities among unrelated species that result from convergent evolution

lemur

specialized primate for vertical clinging and leaping, herbivore and insectivore

ring-tailed lemur

more terrestrial than other lemurs \-- mostly diurnal

mouse lemur

nocturnal, smallest living primates

aye-aye

type of lemur, largest living nocturnal primate

forked marked

among least studied of all lemurs, nocturnal, gumnivirous

Strepsirhines

lemurs, lorises, and galagos,

anthropoida

platyyrini and cattarihini

Cattarhines

cercopithedica, old world monkeys

Plattarhyines

spider monkey, howler monkey, owl monkey, uakari

howler monkey

This animal is the second-loudest animal in the world. It is a land animal whose call can be heard three miles away. Name this, the largest New World monkey.

spider monkey

brachiation, prehensile tail

owl monkey

only nocturnal plattarhyine

uakari

diurnal, non-prehensile tail, arboreal. seed predators

Cercopithecoids

mandrill, colobus, proboscis monkey, macaque

mandrill

full color vision, sexually dimorphic

colobus

leaf eaters, complex gut, specialized for life in trees

proboscis monkey

nose is a signal to ward off other males and for female choice; form of sexual selection

macaque

most widespread of nonhuman primates: Gibraltar to Japan

Apes

Gibbons, orangutans, chimps, gorillas, humans, don't have tails

Gibbon

brachiates, SE Asia, monogamous

Orangutans

SE Asia, fist-walking, largely arboreal, more solitary than other apes

gorilla

equatorial Africa, knuckle walking, leaf eater, largest of apes

common chimp

equatorial Africa, more territorial, omnivore, really only shares meat, hunts monkeys and galagos, lives in harsh environment

bonobos

more peaceful, shares food, uses sex to make peace, lives in very lush environment

Synapomorphy

shared derived trait; occurs after divergent evolution among species

Symplesiomorphy

shared ancestral trait; occurs before divergent evolution