Mood, Affect, and Stress-Related Disorders

These flashcards cover mood and affect disorders, suicide prevention, stress and coping, crisis management, trauma/PTSD, anxiety disorders, and OCD based on clinical lecture notes.

Mood and Affect Disorders

Impactful disruptions in emotions that alter how one feels and responds to intense emotions.

Depression

A mood characterized by hopelessness, worthlessness, guilt, loss of interest in activities, increased fatigue, sleep disturbances, weight changes, psychomotor changes, difficulty concentrating, and persistent thoughts of death.

Learned Helplessness

An etiology theory of depression where behavior is learned from the environment.

SIGECAPS

Mnemonic for depression clinical manifestations: Sleep disturbances, Interest (decreased), Guilt, Energy (decreased), Concentration (impaired), Appetite (changed), Psychomotor retardation, and Suicidal Thoughts.

Anhedonia

A clinical manifestation of depression defined as a decrease in interest.

Anergia

A clinical manifestation of depression defined as decreased energy.

2 Blue Weeks

A diagnostic tool for depression requiring 5 out of 9 symptoms (Depressed Mood + SIGECAPS) for a duration of 2 weeks.

Beck Depression Inventory Scale

A tool used to help make a depression diagnosis and understand its severity.

PHQ-9

A tool used to help make a depression diagnosis and understand its severity.

Bipolar Disorder

A condition characterized by having episodes of both depression and mania.

Mania

A state in which the client demonstrates an elevated, expansive, and irritable mood.

DIGFAST

Mnemonic for the manic aspect of bipolar: Distractibility, Indiscretion (risky behavior), Grandiosity, Flight of ideas, Activity (increased), Sleep (decreased need for), and Talkativeness.

One "fun" week

The diagnostic timeframe for the manic aspect of bipolar disorder, requiring 3 out of 7 DIGFAST symptoms for one week.

Young Mania Rating Scale

A tool used to help make a bipolar diagnosis and understand severity specifically for the manic aspect.

Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale

A tool used to help make a bipolar diagnosis and understand severity for the manic aspect.

Stress

The body’s general, nonspecific response to demands placed by a stressor.

Coping

Applying cognitive and behavioral measures to handle internal and external demands that an individual perceives as exceeding available resources.

Crisis

An acute incident that can evolve from a situation or event and that overwhelms an individual's normal coping process.

Crisis Time Frame

The period of acute incident typically lasting between 4 to 6 weeks.

Situational Crisis

A type of crisis that evolves from a specific situation or event.

Maturational Crisis

A type of crisis related to developmental or life-stage transitions.

Adventitious Crisis

A type of crisis resulting from unexpected or accidental events, such as a disaster.

Trauma

Events that can have lasting effects on an individual’s ability to function mentally, physically, socially, and spiritually, resulting in disruption of well-being.

PTSD Duration Criterion

Manifestations of posttraumatic stress disorder must last for more than one month to meet diagnosis requirements.

PTSD Checklist

A tool used to help make a PTSD diagnosis and understand severity.

EMDR

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy, used as a treatment for trauma.

The Four Rs of Trauma

A framework for assessment and intervention: Realization of trauma's effect, Recognize signs, Respond with a trauma-informed approach, and Resist retraumatization.

Phobias

A type of anxiety disorder characterized by experiencing marked fear and anxiety upon exposure to a specific object or situation.

Panic Disorders

A type of anxiety disorder characterized by experiencing distinct and extreme periods of physiologic and psychologic hyperarousal.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

Experiencing excessive anxiety and worry in response to numerous situations and circumstances for 50% or more of a 6-month timeframe.

Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale

A tool used to help make a GAD diagnosis and understand severity.

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Experiencing a pattern of uncontrollable obsessive thoughts and associated compulsive behaviors or rituals.

Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS)

A tool used to help make an OCD diagnosis and understand severity; compulsions usually last more than 1 hour per day.

Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) Therapy

A specific type of CBT used in the treatment of OCD.

SEA (The ABC's of Psych)

A prioritization tool for psychiatric care: Safety, Expressing feelings, and Assisting with problem solving.