Genetic and Environmental Influences on Behavior

Chromosomes

Structures containing genetic information in cells.

Diathesis-stress model

Theory explaining mental disorders via genetic predisposition and stress.

Reciprocal gene-environment model

Genetic predispositions influence environmental interactions and behaviors.

Epigenetics

Study of gene expression changes without DNA sequence alteration.

Central nervous system

Comprises the brain and spinal cord for processing information.

Peripheral nervous system

Connects CNS to limbs and organs; includes ANS and SNS.

Neurotransmitters

Chemicals transmitting signals across synapses in the nervous system.

Learned helplessness

Condition where individuals feel powerless to change their situation.

Charles Darwin's contribution

Proposed emotions evolved for survival and communication purposes.

Gender roles

Societal norms dictating behaviors based on one's gender.

Lifespan development

Study of psychological growth from infancy to old age.

Multidimensional model

Framework considering multiple influences on behavior and development.