Properties of Water and Why Life on Earth Is Possible

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Question-and-answer flashcards covering cohesion, surface tension, capillary action, high heat of vaporization, evaporative cooling, ice density, and solvent properties of water as described in the notes.

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9 Terms

1
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What property causes water molecules to stick together and leads to surface tension and the ability to travel upwards in plants?

Cohesion due to hydrogen bonding; creates surface tension and allows water to travel upwards in plants.

2
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What is the energy requirement to break hydrogen bonds and convert liquid water to vapor?

High heat of vaporization; lots of energy required to break hydrogen bonds.

3
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How does the high heat of vaporization affect water's temperature range and cooling?

Keeps water liquid over a wide temperature range (0–100°C) and enables evaporative cooling, stabilizing temperature.

4
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What is evaporative cooling?

The cooling effect that occurs when water evaporates, helping to stabilize temperature.

5
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What happens to water's density when it freezes, and what is the consequence for lakes and ponds?

Ice is less dense than liquid water and floats, insulating lakes and ponds.

6
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Why is water an excellent solvent?

Because of its polarity; it dissolves polar and ionic substances.

7
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In a solution, what is the solute?

The substance that is dissolved.

8
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In a solution, what is the solvent?

The substance doing the dissolving; in these notes, water.

9
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What is a solution?

A mixture of solute and solvent.