WGU D446 Adult Health 2 OA Exam Complete with 100% accurate solutions + rationales

Clinical Prioritization

Focus on life-threatening conditions (e.g., MVA with absent breath sounds, heart attack vs. chest pain).

Asthma

Recognize signs of exacerbation: increased mucus, dyspnea during exercise.

Emergency interventions for Asthma

Administer short-acting beta-agonists (e.g., albuterol), oxygen therapy.

Evaluate therapeutic responses in Asthma

ABG interpretation and symptom improvement.

COPD Oxygen therapy

Target SpO₂ 88-92% for hypoxia.

COPD Dietary Consideration

High-protein, high-calorie small meals to maintain energy levels.

Heart Attack vs. Chest Pain

Differentiate myocardial infarction (MI) from angina (e.g., persistent pain, diaphoresis, elevated troponin for MI).

Medications for Heart Attack

Morphine, oxygen, nitroglycerin, aspirin (MONA protocol).

Left-sided Heart Failure Symptoms

Pulmonary symptoms (e.g., dyspnea, orthopnea, crackles).

Right-sided Heart Failure Symptoms

Peripheral symptoms (e.g., edema, ascites, JVD).

Management of Heart Failure

Diuretics (potassium-sparing vs. wasting), ACE inhibitors.

Cardiac Medication Classifications

Common Classes: Beta-blockers, Calcium channel blockers, Diuretics.

Beta-blockers

Reduce heart rate.

Calcium channel blockers

Vasodilation.

Diuretics

Potassium-sparing (spironolactone) vs. potassium-wasting (furosemide).

Ischemic Stroke Symptoms

Sudden numbness, weakness, speech difficulty.

Management of Ischemic Stroke

Thrombolytic therapy (e.g., tPA).

Hemorrhagic Stroke Symptoms

Severe headache, nausea, loss of consciousness.

Hemorrhagic Stroke

Severe headache, nausea, loss of consciousness. Management: Surgical intervention and BP control.

FAST

Recognize FAST (Face, Arms, Speech, Time).

Cervical Spine Injury

Assess for breathing issues due to diaphragm impairment. Interventions: Immobilize cervical spine, prepare for mechanical ventilation.

Cushing's Disease

Signs: Moon face, buffalo hump, hyperglycemia, hypertension. Interventions: Monitor electrolytes, reduce corticosteroid use if applicable.

Graves' Disease

Signs: Tachycardia, heat intolerance, exophthalmos. Interventions: Antithyroid medications, beta-blockers for symptom control.

Diabetes Management

Key Focus: Managing high glucose and HDL through diet and medication adherence.

SIADH

Symptoms: Fluid overload, hyponatremia (confusion, seizures). Interventions: Fluid restriction, hypertonic saline if severe.

Post Nephrotomy Care

Monitor urine output and assess for bleeding or infection.

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

Spironolactone (monitor for hyperkalemia).

Potassium-Wasting Diuretics

Furosemide (monitor for hypokalemia).

Glomerulonephritis Diet Recommendations

Low-sodium, low-protein diet.

Diverticulosis Diet Recommendations

High-fiber diet to prevent complications.

PUD Diet Recommendations

Avoid irritants (e.g., spicy food, caffeine).

Appendicitis Signs

Recognize signs: RLQ pain, fever, rebound tenderness. Avoid interventions that increase intra-abdominal pressure.

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Focus: Symptom control (NSAIDs, DMARDs) and patient mobility.

Burn Care Full Thickness

Absent pain due to nerve destruction, high infection risk. Interventions: Fluid resuscitation and wound care.

Osteomalacia Key Points

Vitamin D supplementation, safety precautions to prevent fractures.

Bacterial Meningitis Signs

Recognize signs: Nuchal rigidity, fever, altered mental status. Interventions: Droplet precautions, antibiotic therapy.

ABC Blood Product Reactions

Acute Reaction Signs: Fever, chills, back pain. Interventions: Stop transfusion, notify the provider, maintain IV access.

Eczema Treatment

Therapeutic Response: Reduced dryness and itching, improved skin integrity.

Radiation Skin Care

Avoid lotions or creams containing alcohol, protect from sun exposure.

Levothyroxine Symptoms

Question Scenario: A client on levothyroxine for a goiter exhibits symptoms like palpitations and shortness of breath. Key Focus: Recognize symptoms of excessive thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism). Correct Action: Notify the healthcare provider immediately to adjust the dose.

Burns and Infection Control

Question Scenario: A client with 40% total body surface area burns has purulent drainage from the wound.

Infection in burn patients

A major complication that requires review of the white blood cell (WBC) count to confirm or rule out systemic infection before escalating care.

Renal calculi

A condition where a client reports severe flank pain, nausea, and vomiting, requiring prioritization of aspiration prevention.

Airway safety and hydration

Correct interventions for a client with renal calculi who is at risk of vomiting.

Stroke

A time-sensitive emergency requiring thrombolytic therapy evaluation, indicated by symptoms such as facial droop, severe headache, and unilateral weakness.

Large-bore IVs

Immediate intervention to be started for a client presenting with stroke symptoms, preparing for inclusion criteria review for IV fibrinolytic therapy.

Dehiscence and evisceration

Surgical complications that require preparation for immediate surgical intervention.

Sterile dressing

Correct action to cover the wound for a post-colon surgery patient with dehiscence and evisceration.

Acute myocardial infarction (MI)

A condition recognized by chest pain radiating to the left arm with diaphoresis.

Morphine

Anticipated medication to reduce pain, anxiety, and myocardial oxygen demand in acute MI.

Colchicine

Medication that reduces inflammation and pain in patients with gout.

Allopurinol

Medication that lowers uric acid and requires increased hydration in patients with gout.

Focused assessments

Analyzing patient data such as vital signs, oxygen saturation, and capillary refill time to determine underlying causes.

NGN-Style Practice Questions

Resources that include bowtie and matrix-style formats for practicing nursing scenarios.

Flashcards for medications

Study aids for medication classifications such as cardiac meds and diuretics.

Clinical guidelines

Up-to-date nursing protocols for conditions like stroke, MI, and burn care.

Medical conversions

Review of conversions such as mL to L and pounds to kilograms.

Nursing.com

Resource for NGN practice questions and condition-specific tutorials.

RegisteredNurseRN

Resource providing detailed video explanations for major conditions.

HESI Practice Tests

Resource that simulates exam scenarios for nursing students.

Quizlet

Resource for flashcards for rapid review.

ABC in emergency scenarios

Prioritization of Airway, Breathing, and Circulation during emergencies.

Therapeutic outcomes of medications

Understanding the effects of medications and associated patient teaching.

NGN question formats

Familiarization with question types and the importance of practice.