radioactivity

what does the raidioactivity of an isotope depend on

the stability of its nuculus

what are the types of unstabe nuculus

heavy nuculus and light nuculus

what is a heavy nuculus

a nucleous with a large atomic number and number of protons

what is a light nucleous

a nucleous with an odd neutron to proton ratio

what is alpha radiation

2 netrons and 2 protons (helium nuculus relseased)

what is beta + radiation

a positron is released (proton turns into neutron and positive electron)

what is beta- decay

electron is released (netron is converted to proton and electron)

whats gamma radiation

exsess energy (photon) releases, electromagnetic radiation

what is orbital electron capture

when the nuclus absorbs an electron from an inner shell ( converst a proton into a netron)

what type of radiation comes from a hevy nucleus

alpha radiation

what type of radiation does a light nucelus emmit

beta+ decay

what are the 3 mesures of radiation

activity (becqerel is a unit of radiation), absorbed radiation and the biological damage.

whats the half life

time it takes for half of the nuculi to decay once

what are natural radioisotopes

radioactive isotopes that occur naturally in the Earth and have a long enough half-life to exist in substantial concentrations

how are radioactive isotopes formed

high energy neutron kocks into an element and causes a proton to be knocked out

what are artificil radioisotopes

when stable isotopes are converted into radioactive ones by using fast moving particles

give some uses for artificial radioisotopes

carbon dating, radio-immuno assay

what medical uses can they have

treatment fro cancer- a radioactive partical attached to a specific antiody will travle to the tumor and destroy it