catalysts

role of enzymes

increase the rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy.

lock and key hypothesis

enzymes are specific to substrates. Specific substrates fit into specific active sites. “lock and key”

Induced fit model

When complex forms, enzyme alters so active sites fits around the substrate.

Tertiary structure

site has a specific shape created by the tertiary structure of proteins. (enzymes can only bind to one substrate)

Intracellular reactions

• enzymes that function inside cell they were produced.

• catalase: protects cell from damage by breaking down Hydrogen peroxide (using peroxisomes: lysosomes)

Why must hydrogen peroxide be broken down

As it is harmful and damages cells/organelles

extracellular reactions

• enzymes secreted and used outside of cell

• Amylase: secreted by salivary glands and breakes down starch into maltose.