IPS DDS (1)

Dosage Form

A product designed for administration to the body in the diagnosis or treatment of disease is called:

Container

A device that holds a drug and may be in direct contact with the drug

Well-closed container

A container that protects the contents from extraneous solids and from loss of the article under ordinary conditions of handling and shipment, storage, and distribution

Tightly closed container 

A container that protects the contents from air and from loss of the article under ordinary conditions of handling and shipment, storage, and distribution:

Aerosol

What type of packaging is not easily tampered

Light-resistant container 

According to the USP, the instruction “protect from light” in a monograph indicates storage in a:

I and II 

A single-dose parenteral container

I. Is a hermetic container
II. Ampule

III. Permits withdrawal of successive portions of the content

1000 mL

The USP limits the size of single-dose containers in large volumes to

30 mL

The USP limits the size of single-dose containers in small volumes to

Cold place

According to USP Standards, a refrigerator can be used to store pharmaceuticals that specify storage in a:

Nature of the illness

The following are physicochemical properties to be considered in dosage form design EXCEPT:

A. Physical state
B. Nature of the illness
C. Polymorphism
D. Solubility

E. All of the above

Butylhydroxyanisole

If a drug product requires an antioxidant, which of the following would be used?

-10/-25

Freezer

2-8 (biological)

Cold Place

8-15

Cool place

20-25

Room temperature

30 mL-capacity vials

The following are examples of single-dose parenteral containers EXCEPT:

A. Fusion-sealed ampuls
B. Pre-filled syringes
C. Cartridges
D. 30 mL-capacity vials

Plastic bottle

Photodegradation can be prevented by packaging drugs in a light-resistant container. Which of the following containers is NOT light-resistant?

A. Colorless bottle covered with aluminum foil

B. Amber colored bottle
C. Plastic bottle

D. Bottle covered with carbon paper

Intravenous

The following route of administration will provide the highest concentration of drugs in the blood

Treated soda lime glass 

Type II glass container is

Highly resistant borosilicate glass

Type I glass container is

Soda lime glass

Type III glass container is

General purpose soda lime glass

Type NP

Cocoa

It is used to mask the bitter taste of the product

Bitter aftertaste

The disadvantage of Sodium Saccharin as a sweetening agent is:

Known to be Tartrazine 

Which is TRUE regarding FD&C Yellow #5?

A. Known to be Tartrazine

B. Can cause allergic reaction to patients with allergy to penicillin

C. It is permitted to be used externally

D. All of the above

External D&C

In preparing lipsticks, which type of colorant should not be used?

A. FD&C
B. D&C
C. External D&C
D. Any of the above

Propylparaben

The following are frequently used ophthalmic preservatives except:

A. Benzalkonium chloride
B. Chlorobutanol
C. Phenylmercuric nitrate
D. Propylparaben

50% ethyl alcohol 

100% proof alcohol is

I and III 

Characteristics of Stevia powder include:

I. Natural, non-toxic sweetener

II. Contraindicated to phenylketonurics

III. About 30 times sweeter than sucrose

Use of antioxidant

An approach to stabilize preparations against hydrolytic decomposition EXCEPT:

A. Removal of water

B. Use of buffering agent

C. Use of antioxidant

D. Supplying the drug in dry form for reconstitution

Benzoic acid

Which of the following is NOT an antioxidant?

A. Alpha-tocopherol

B. Butylhydroxyanisole

C. Benzoic acid

D. Ascorbic acid

Alphatocopherol Butylhydroxyanisole

Which of the following are oil?

Ascorbic acid Sodium bisulfate

Which of the following are aqueous?

Loss of hydrogen from alcohol hydroxyl group

Which of the following is an example of oxidation of an organic, active drug molecule?

Water

The major ingredient in most dosage forms of aqueous solution is:

All

Dosage forms employed to combat infection

A. Vaginal suppository

B. Vaginal tablet

C. Oral tablet

D. A and B

E. All

Red colored label

Products for external use require:

Insulin pen

Which one of the following medicines does not rely on topical drug delivery?

Humectant

These substances are used to prevent the drying out of preparations due to the agent’s ability to retain moisture:

extemporaneous compounding

The preparation of a specific dosage form for a patient with specific needs is called

All

To increase the rate of solubility in a solution

A. Agitation
B. Temperature
C. Surface area of solute
D. All

Weak electrolytes

Most drugs are

Oxidation

This method of degradation occurs in both water and oil-soluble drugs as well as fixed volatile oils

Weighing to individual doses 

The most accurate method of extemporaneously preparing divided powders, although time-consuming

All of the above

Particle terminology is essential in the formulation and manufacture of

A. Powders
B. Aerosols
C. Capsules

D. All of the above

Eutectic mixture

Combinations of mixtures of drugs which liquefy due to a lowering of their melting point

Both A and B 

Hygroscopic and deliquescent substances may be incorporated into powders by

A. Addition of diluents

B. Double wrapping

C. Both A and B

D. Addition of lubricant

Wax paper 

A waterproof paper that is commonly used to wrap hygroscopic and deliquescent materials

Trituration

The process of grinding a drug in a mortar to reduce the particle size is termed

Completely pass through a #80 sieve, no limit to greater fineness

A very fine powdered chemical is defined as one that will:

Insufflations

Finely divided powders introduced into body cavities such as vagina, ears, nose, throat are

Inclusion of potent or low dosage active drug

All of the following are appropriate actions when dispensing bulk medicated powders EXCEPT

A. Mixing oral powders with a liquid for administration

B. Inclusion of potent or low dosage active drug

C. Inclusion of antimicrobial drugs in topical preparations

D. Provision of a supplemental device to measure the dosage amount

Sifter top container

Ideal containers for dispensing dusting powders:

Geometric dilution 

When incorporating potent substances in powder, the process used is

More likely to cake or harden upon standing than powders

The following are true about granules except

A. More stable physically and chemically than the corresponding powders from which they were prepared

B. More likely to cake or harden upon standing than powders

C. Their surface area is less than that of powders

D. More easily “wetted” by a solvent than a certain powder

I and II 

In preparing effervescent granulated salts, which of the following statement/s hold/s TRUE?

I. Effervescent granules can be prepared using two methods, the dry and the wet

II. The effervescence from the released CO2 serves to mask the bitter or salty taste of the drug

III. Using tartaric acid as the sole acid would result in a sticky mixture which is difficult to granulate

I , II, and III

What are the main ingredients of effervescent granules?

I. Sodium carbonate
II. citric acid
III. tartaric acid
IV. Sodium tartrate
V. ascorbic acid

Water

Efflorescent powders when triturated or stored in low humidity release

Granules

When powders are wetted, allowed to dry, and ground into coarse pieces, the resulting medication dosage form is:

00

Which of the following capsules is the largest?

Titanium dioxide

Added to make capsule opaque:

Gelatin

The primary composition materials of capsule shells:

Both B and C

What substances are added to render soft gelatin capsule elastic or plastic-like?

A. Mineral oil
B. Glycerin
C. Sorbitol
D. Both B and C

Hard gelatin shells are not plasticized

The main difference between hard and soft gelatin capsules is

I and II are correct 

Hard gelatin capsules are:

I. Commonly employed in clinical trials

II. In small scale compounding, the pharmacist uses the “punch” method

III. Contain preservatives like parabens

 I, II, and III are correct 

Soft gelatin capsules:

I. Are used to hermetically seal and encapsulate liquids, suspensions, and pasty materials

II. Contain more moisture than hard gelatin capsules

III. Can be prepared by the rotary die process

I and II 

Unit-dose packaging for tablets or capsules is exemplified by

I. Strip packaging

II. Blister pack

III. Wide-mouthed bottles

Sodium lauryl sulfate

Which pharmaceutical ingredient can be included in powders used to manufacture hard gelatin capsules that contain magnesium stearate as a glidant?

Powder compaction

When preparing hard gelatin capsules, the formulator is not generally concerned with

None

The following are used in tablet formulations to reduce friction during tablet compression except:

A. Calcium stearate
B. Magnesium stearate
C. Stearic acid
D. Mineral oil
E. None

All

Lubricants contribute to the preparation of compressed tablets by:

A. Improving the flow of the granulation

B. Preventing adhesion of the tablet formulation to the punches and dies during compression

C. Reducing friction

D. Giving a sheen to the finished products

E. All

Sweetening agents

All of the following impart satisfactory compression characteristics to the formulation of the tablet except

A. Diluents
B. Binder
C. Lubricants
D. Sweetening agents

Lubricants help the patient to swallow the tablet

All of the following are TRUE statements about the function of excipients used in tablet formulation EXCEPT:

A. Binders promote granulation

B. Glidants promote the flow of the tablet granulation

C. Lubricants help the patient to swallow the tablet

D. Diluents make up the desired bulk of the tablet formulation

Failure to release the drug

The principal factor that makes enteric coated tablets unpredictable in drug therapy is:

Talc

Which of the following is not used as a binder for tablets?

Excipient

Any substance combined with an active ingredient to make the latter agreeable to a convenient dosage is called

Enteric coating 

Type of tablet coating where the first coat is shellac is

Magnesium stearate

It is a common lubricant for tablets

Starch

This is used as binder, diluent, and disintegrant for tablets

Enteric coated tablets

Drugs that are destroyed by gastric acid or those that irritate the gastric mucosa are usually formulated as

Chewable

Tablet dosage form not requiring disintegration

Film coated

Type of coating for tablets consisting of a thin layer of water-insoluble polymeric substances is

Chewable

The following are characteristics of pills except:

A. Adhesive
B. Firm
C. Plasticity property
D. Chewable

I and III are correct

Flavoring agents are usually added to:

I. Buccal tablets
II. Film-coated Tablets
III. Chewable Tablets

Vaginal tablet

Uncoated, bullet- or ovoid-shaped tablets intended for localized effect

Multilayer compression

Which method of tablet manufacture can be used to combine two incompatible substances in the same tablet

Desiccant package

To protect drugs from decomposition from moisture, tablets are co-packaged with

Weight uniformity

Which of the following factors does not influence the speed of drug dissolution from tablets?

A. Particle size of the drug
B. Tablet hardness
C. Solubility of the drug
D. Weight uniformity

Sublingual

Which of the following tablet dosage forms avoids the hepatic first-pass effect?

Lubricant

Increased amount of this capsule/tablet excipient reduces wetting of particles, thus slowing dissolution:

Cross-linked povidone

Lozenges usually do not contain the following tableting excipient

I, II and III

Advantages to the manufacturer of tablet film coating when compared to sugar coating:

I. Shorter production time
II. Less gross weight
III. Lower incidence in coating chipping

Gelatin

Tablet triturates usually do not contain the following excipient

Mannitol

The ideal excipient for the preparation of chewable tablets containing moisture-sensitive drugs

All

Methods utilized to achieve controlled drug release from solid dosage forms

A. Coated beads or granules
B. Complex formation
C. Ion exchange resin
D. All

Extended-release

This type of dosage form allows a reduction in dosing frequency compared to that presented by a conventional dosage form

I, II, and III

Which of the following statements hold true for extended-release dosage forms?

I. There is reduction in drug blood level fluctuation

II. There is frequency reduction in dosing

III. There is reduction in terms of adverse effects

I, II, and III are correct

Microencapsulation is:

I. A process by which solids, liquids, or even gases may be encapsulated into microscopic size

II. The technology employed in Micro-K Extencaps

III. Formed by applying a thin coating of “wall” material around the substance being encapsulated

Gelatin

The most common “wall” forming material used in microencapsulation is