Ancient Civilizations (Overview of Western World)

pg 8-13

studying what has revealed most of the known information the earliest life on Earth

objects or artifacts that remain from early cultures

objects that consist of enduring materials are most likely made of what

stone, metal or fired clay

objects that remain from early cultures are most likely made of ______ materials such as, stone, metal or fired clay

enduring

Perishable materials in objects and artifacts are

wood or fibers

the hot dry climate in Egypt contributed to the preservation of what material

papyrus

which feature likely preserved objects in caves and tombs

the sealed atmosphere

what environmental feature in West Africa gave objects made of perishable materials little chance of survival

the humid climate

why are some civilizations more studied in art history than others

their art has been preserved and discovered

Which 2 regions of the Americas are most likely to have unexplored civilizations

Central & South America

the oldest works of art that we will consider are cave paintings from which country

southeastern France

the cave that contains the oldest works of art we will consider is named

Chauvet Cave

True or False: the cave paintings found in Chauvet Cave are the oldest known cave paintings

false

What year were the Chauvet cave paintings found

1994

The Chauvet Cave paintings date back to _______ BCE

30,000 (30 thou) BCE

The Chauvet Cave paintings are from the Upper _______ period

upper paleolithic period

The Chauvet Cave paintings are placed in the _____ Stone Age

old Stone Age

the paintings and engravings in Chauvet cave were made w/ which 2 materials to create the red and black colors

red ochre and black charcoal

the chauvet cave paintings used mostly red ochre & black charcoal and a minimal amount of which color?

yellow

the chauvet cave consisted if both paintings and

engravings

Name the 5 animals depicted in the Chauvet Cave

horses, rhinos, lions, buffalos, and mammoths

Name the most famous cave in France and the most famous in Spain

Lascaux (France), Altamira (Spain)

The art in the caves Lascaux and Altamira depicted which animals (5 answers)

horses, bears, lions, bison, and mammoths

The art in the caves Lascaux and Altamira depicted outlines of what

human hands

The earliest scholarship said the art in the caves Lascaux and Altamira were spontaneously scribbled by who

primitive cavemen

Who actually completed the art in the Lascaux and Altamira caves

skilled artists working within an established traditions

It’s possible that cave art was created as part of what ceremony

hunting

In the Old Stone Age, small stone female fertility figures were known to have exaggerated what

bellies, breasts, and pubic areas

What’s the best known small stone female figure from the Old Stone Age

Venus (Women) of Willendorf (c.28,000-25,000 BCE)

how tall is the Venus of Willendorf

4 1/8th in.

Characteristics of the Venus of Willendorf include exaggerated female features, undefined facial feature, barely visible arms and

missing feet

What period is the Middle Stone Age

Mesolithic

What happened to the climate during the Mesolithic Period

it warmed

According to paintings from Eastern Spain, when the climate warmed, cave dwellers moved out of their caves and began living in

rock shelters

The Eastern Spanish paintings that proved that cave dwellers built rock shelters in the Mesolithic period were created around

700 BCE- 4000 BCE

What set rock shelter paintings apart from cave paintings

they depicted human figures

What’s the only cave painting that depicted a human figure

Lascaux cave

the rock paintings depict humans alone and in groups with an emphasis on scenes where humans

dominate animals

the New Stone Age is what period

Neolithic