Nerves and Circulatory system

to be used on "answer with terms", quiz 5/8

nerve cells

Neurons are specialized___ that gather information about your enviornment.

Dendrites, cell body, axon

three main nerve cell regions

sensory, interneuron, motor neurons

three kinds of neurons

impulses

sensory neurons send___ from receptors

interneurons

carries impulses to motor organs

motor neurons

carry impulses away from from the brain

nerve impulse

completes a reflex arc and is crucial for communication between neurons.

does not conduct impulses

neurons at rest…

Potassium ions

collect on the inside of the cell membrane

Sodium ions

collect on the outside of the cell membrane, rapidly pumped through channels opened in threshold

negatively charged proteins

___ actively transport sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell

threshold

channels open in membrane, minimum stimulus to cause an action to be produced

potassium is pumped out

positive charge inside membrane causes channels to open and…

positive charge

potassium restores ___ outside the cell.

axon (like wave)

rapid negative to positive charge moves along…

nodes

along the axon, allows ions to pass through the myelin layer to plasma membrane

speed of impulse

ions jump from node to node and increase…

synapse

small gap between the axon of one neuron and dendrite of another neuron

action potential

carries across these gaps by Neurotransmitters

central, peripheral

2 major nervous divisions

Central nervous system

coordinates all of the body’s activities, analyzes responses

cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem

brain is divided into these three parts

occipital, pariental, frontal, temporal

each hemisphere of the brain is divided into these 4 lobes

corpus callosum

band of fibers that connects two sides

balance, posture, coordination

cerebellum controls…

medula oblogata

helps control breathing rate, heart rate, and blood pressure

pons

also aids in breathing

hypothalamus

located between brainstem and cerebrum, maintains homeostasis

peripheral nervous system

contains all neurons that aren’t part of the CNS

sympathetic nervous system

most active in times of emergency

parasymphaythetic nervous system

most active when body is relaxed

olfactory bulb

receptors send the chemical molecules to this part of the brain

circulatory system

transports oxegen and nutrients

right atrium

blood vessels carry oxegen poor blood to the…

right ventrice

right atrium pumps blood into the…

body

aorta sends oxegen rich blood to the…

arteries, capilleries, veins

blood vessels

arteries

oxegen rich blood is carried away from the heart in these large vessels

capilleries

microscopic blood vessels where the exchange occurs

veins

largest blood vessles

muscular wall

a strong ___ separates the right side from the left

blood pressure

a measure of how much pressure is exerted against the blood vessel

symetic

between heart and body

coronary

supplies blood to heart

pulmanary

between heart and lungs