Parasitology Exam 2 parasites to know HPU

Fasciola hepatica

• Disease Description: Fascioliasis; liver fluke infection

• Definitive Host: Sheep, cattle, and other herbivores

• Intermediate Host: Aquatic snails

• Location: Liver of the definitive host

• Common Name: Liver fluke

Schistosoma mansoni

• Disease Description: Schistosomiasis; intestinal schistosomiasis

• Definitive Host: Humans

• Intermediate Host: Snails (specifically Biomphalaria)

• Location: Blood vessels of the intestine and liver

• Common Name: Blood fluke

S. japonicum:

• Disease Description: Schistosomiasis; intestinal and hepatic schistosomiasis

• Definitive Host: Humans, domestic animals

• Intermediate Host: Snails (specifically Oncomelania)

• Location: Blood vessels of the intestine and liver

• Common Name: Blood fluke

S. haematobium

• Disease Description: Schistosomiasis; urogenital schistosomiasis

• Definitive Host: Humans

• Intermediate Host: Snails (specifically Bulinus)

• Location: Blood vessels of the urinary bladder

• Common Name: Blood fluke

S. intercalatum

• Disease Description: Schistosomiasis; intestinal schistosomiasis

• Definitive Host: Humans

• Intermediate Host: Snails

• Location: Blood vessels of the intestine

• Common Name: Blood fluke

S. mekongi

• Disease Description: Schistosomiasis; intestinal schistosomiasis

• Definitive Host: Humans

• Intermediate Host: Snails

• Location: Blood vessels of the intestine

• Common Name: Mekong blood fluke

Clonorchis (Opisthorchis) sinensis

• Disease Description: Clonorchiasis; liver fluke infection

• Definitive Host: Humans, dogs, cats

• Intermediate Host: Freshwater snails and fish

• Location: Bile ducts of the liver

• Common Name: Chinese liver fluke

Paragonimus westermani

• Disease Description: Paragonimiasis; lung fluke infection

• Definitive Host: Humans, carnivores (cats, dogs, etc.)

• Intermediate Host: Freshwater snails and crabs

• Location: Lungs and other tissues

• Common Name: Oriental lung fluke

Fasciolopsis buski

• Disease Description: Fasciolopsiasis; intestinal fluke infection

• Definitive Host: Humans, pigs

• Intermediate Host: Aquatic plants and snails

• Location: Small intestine

• Common Name: Large intestinal fluke

Fasciola gigantica

• Disease Description: Fascioliasis; liver fluke infection

• Definitive Host: Herbivores (cattle, sheep, etc.)

• Intermediate Host: Aquatic snails

• Location: Liver of the definitive host

• Common Name: Giant liver fluke

Fasciola jacksoni

• Disease Description: Fascioliasis; liver fluke infection (specific to elephants)

• Definitive Host: Elephants

• Intermediate Host: Aquatic snails

• Location: Liver of the definitive host

Nanophyetus salminicola

• Disease Description: Salmon poisoning disease in dogs

• Definitive Host: Canids (dogs, foxes)

• Intermediate Host: Snails

• Location: Tissues of the infected host

Gyrodactylus sp. and Dactylogyrus sp.

• Disease Description: Gyrodactylosis and Dactylogyrosis; skin and gill infections in fish

• Host: Fish

• Location: Skin and gills

• Common Name: Monogenean parasites

Taenia solium

• Disease Description: Cysticercosis; tapeworm infection

• Definitive Host: Humans (as the tapeworm), pigs (as the intermediate host)

• Intermediate Host: Pigs (cysticerci develop in tissues)

• Location: Small intestine of humans; muscles and other tissues of pigs

• Common Name: Pork tapeworm

Echinococcus granulosus

• Disease Description: Hydatid disease; hydatid cyst formation in liver, lungs, etc.

• Definitive Host: Canids (dogs, wolves, foxes)

• Intermediate Host: Herbivores (sheep, cattle, etc.) and humans (accidental intermediate host)

• Location: Liver, lungs, and other organs of the intermediate host

• Common Name: Dog tapeworm

Echinococcus multilocularis

• Disease Description: Alveolar echinococcosis; multi-chambered cyst formation in liver

• Definitive Host: Foxes, canids

• Intermediate Host: Rodents

• Location: Liver of the intermediate host

• Common Name: Fox tapeworm

Diphyllobothrium latum

• Disease Description: Diphyllobothriasis; fish tapeworm infection

• Definitive Host: Humans

• Intermediate Host: Freshwater fish

• Location: Small intestine

• Common Name: Broad fish tapeworm

Diphyllobothrium mansoides

• Disease Description: Diphyllobothriasis; fish tapeworm infection

• Definitive Host: Carnivores, especially bears

• Intermediate Host: Freshwater fish

• Location: Small intestine

• Common Name: Bear tapeworm

Dipylidium caninum

• Disease Description: Dipylidiasis; tapeworm infection in dogs and cats

• Definitive Host: Dogs, cats, and other canids/felids

• Intermediate Host: Fleas

• Location: Small intestine

• Common Name: Flea tapeworm

Taenia pisiformis

• Disease Description: Cysticercosis; tapeworm infection in rabbits

• Definitive Host: Canids (dogs, foxes)

• Intermediate Host: Rabbits (cysticerci develop in tissues)

• Location: Small intestine of the definitive host

• Common Name: Dog tapeworm

Diplostomulum spp., Ornithodiplostomum ptychocheilus

• Disease Description: Diplostomiasis; eye fluke infection in fish and birds

• Host: Fish and birds

• Location: Eyes and other tissues

• Common Name: Eye fluke

Dicrocoelium dendriticum

• Disease Description: Dicrocoeliasis; liver fluke infection in ruminants

• Definitive Host: Ruminants (sheep, cattle)

• Intermediate Host: Land snails

• Location: Bile ducts of the liver

• Common Name: Lancet liver fluke

Brachlecithum mosquensis

• Disease Description: Brachylaimiasis; gastrointestinal fluke infection in mammals

• Definitive Host: Mammals

• Intermediate Host: Terrestrial snails

• Location: Gastrointestinal tract

• Common Name: Gastrointestinal fluke

Leucochloridium paradoxum

• Disease Description: Leucochloridiosis; parasitic castration in snails

• Host: Land snails

• Location: Snail's tentacles and eyestalks

• Common Name: Green-banded broodsac

Horsehair worms or Gordian worms

• Disease Description: Parasitism in insects, crustaceans, and arachnids

• Host: Insects, crustaceans, arachnids

• Location: Body cavities of the host

• Common Name: Horsehair worm