Macros

Carbohydrates

Organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, essential for energy production.

Monosaccharides

Simple sugars that are the building blocks of carbohydrates; examples include glucose, fructose, and galactose.

Disaccharides

Carbohydrates formed by the combination of two monosaccharides; examples include sucrose, lactose, and maltose.

Polysaccharides

Long chains of monosaccharides; examples include starch, glycogen, and fiber.

Glycogen

A form of stored glucose in the body, primarily found in the liver and muscle tissues.

Fiber

Indigestible carbohydrates that aid in digestion and help regulate blood glucose, classified into soluble and insoluble types.

Insulin

A hormone that signals the body's tissues to take up glucose for energy or storage, released after meals.

Glucagon

A hormone that triggers the breakdown of liver glycogen to raise blood sugar levels during fasting.

Celiac Disease

An autoimmune disorder where gluten intake leads to damage in the small intestine.

Glycemic Index

A ranking of carbohydrate foods based on their effect on blood sugar levels.

Lipids

Fatty substances in the body that serve as energy stores and play a role in essential body functions.

Saturated Fats

Fats that are solid at room temperature and primarily found in animal products.

Monounsaturated Fats

Fats that have one double bond in their fatty acid chain and are typically liquid at room temperature.

Polyunsaturated Fats

Fats with multiple double bonds in their fatty acid chains, primarily liquid at room temperature, found in oils and fish.

Trans Fats

Artificially created fats that are typically solid at room temperature and linked to health risks.

LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein)

Often referred to as 'bad cholesterol', associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein)

Known as 'good cholesterol', helps remove LDL from the bloodstream.

Complete Protein

Contains all essential amino acids, typically found in animal sources and soy.

Incomplete Protein

Lacks one or more essential amino acids, usually found in plant foods.

Anabolism

The metabolic process that requires energy to build complex molecules from simpler ones.

Catabolism

A metabolic process that releases energy by breaking down complex molecules into simpler ones.

Enzymes

Biological catalysts that speed up metabolic reactions.

Coenzymes

Non-protein molecules that assist enzymes in catalyzing reactions.

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)

Guidelines for nutrient intake levels that are sufficient to meet the needs of most healthy individuals.