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Theory of Self-Actualization
process whereby the healthy development of people’s abilities enables them to fulfill their own true natures
The hierarchy of human Needs
Self- Actualization and Growth Need
Esteem Needs
Belongingness and Love Needs
Safety Needs
Physiological Needs
2 Basic sets of needs rooted in our biology
deficiency needs (basic needs) & Growth Needs (Meta Needs)
Deficiency Needs (Basic Needs)
physiological drives
Deficiency Needs (Basic Needs)
safety needs
Deficiency Needs (Basic Needs)
belongingness and love needs
Deficiency Needs (Basic Needs)
esteem needs
Growth Needs (meta Needs)
the need for self- actualization
Growth Needs (meta Needs)
cognitive understanding
Physiological needs
include hunger, thirst and sex
physiological needs
When hungry will think of nothing else. Few poor people have a quest for self- actualization.
Safety needs
need for security
safety needs
protection
Safety needs
structure
Safety needs
law
Safety needs
order
Safety needs
limits
Safety needs
freedom from fear, anxiety, and chaos
belongingness:
need to feel wanted and accepted by others
Love
begins selfishly with seeking love from others, referred to as D-Love (deficiency Love)
B- Love (being Love)
once capable of loving others
Esteem Needs (Divided into 2 sets)
1. Esteem based on respect for our own competence, independence and accomplishments
Esteem needs (Divided into 2 sets)
2. Esteem based on others’ evaluations (recognition, status, fame, dominance,
appreciation)
Meta Needs
Self actualization
Self Actualization
Need to reach one’s fullest potential and highest level of functioning
Meta Needs
cognitive understanding
Maslow believed those high in self actualization
more capable of giving affection, intimately relating to others, more capable of mature love and are less resentful to former lovers.
The Jonah complex:
as a result of fear, reluctance to make full use of one’s intellectual abilities and potential because achievement may bring on new responsibilities and duties we
cannot handle and the fear of the unknown
Condition for Self- Actualization
poor socialization practices among young people as the main source that hinders movement toward self-actualization
Conditions for Self- Actualization
the environment must allow for those basic needs to be met as well as be supportive and guide behavior toward positive methods
Conditions for Self- Actualization
without basic freedoms such as freedom of speech, satisfaction of the basic needs is virtually impossible
Self- Transcendence:
seeks to further a cause beyond the self and experience a communion with others and nature and goes beyond the boundaries of the self.
Transcending self-actualizing person
the most fully developed psychologically healthy person who can transcend their own selfish concerns and work to better humankind
Personal Orientation Inventory (POI)
self-report questionnaire that reflects the values and behavior of major importance, determines extent of self-actualization
Therapy
Acted as friends
therapy
Provided client with respect, love and feelings of belongingness
therapy
must be nonthreatening and supportive
Problems with Maslow’s assessment techniques
Assessment provesure for self-actualizers are ambiguous and imprecise
Problems with Maslow’s assessment techniques
no one knows how Maslow assessed those he used in his research
Problems with Maslow’s assessment techniques
It is believed that Maslow simply based self-actualizing characteristics on his own value system
