Chapter 12 Nursing funds Unit 2

What was the historical importance of religiosity and spirituality in nursing?

Religiosity and spirituality were important components of medical care.

How were prayer and religion used in early healing?

People prayed to gods for healing and used religious care as an adjunct to early medical procedures.

How did religious communities combine healing and religious care?

They combined the healing arts with religious care.

Why did religious communities care for the sick?

They viewed caring for the sick as an expression of hospitality, charity, and loving one's neighbor.

How did Florence Nightingale and other nursing leaders influence spirituality in nursing?

They established spirituality as a key component of nursing care and viewed it as fundamental to healing.

How did nursing leaders help continue the importance of spirituality in nursing?

They instilled its value in nurses, nursing students, and professional standards of practice.

What is religion?

Religion is a set of beliefs, practices, and codes of conduct associated with a structure or organized group that integrates beliefs and values into a way of living.

How is religion like a map?

Religion is like a map that tells you what to believe and identifies what values are essential.

What can a religious tradition provide?

A religious tradition can provide identity and a lens for reading the world.

What are some parts of religion that provide a basis of authority?

Rituals, symbols, sacraments, and holy writings.

What do rituals, symbols, sacraments, and holy writings provide?

They provide a basis of authority and diverse ways to go beyond the physical and assess the divine.

Do many of the world's religions hold common beliefs?

Yes. Many of the world's religions hold common beliefs.What is spirituality?

How is spirituality like a journey?

Spirituality takes place over time and involves the accumulation of life experiences and understanding.

What is spirituality derived from?

Spirituality is derived from insight, value, purpose, and meaning of life gained through accumulated life experiences.

What does spirituality encompass?

Hope, purpose, meaning, connections, relationships, appreciation, and understanding.

Can painful experiences contribute to spiritual growth?

Yes. Spiritual growth can result from painful situations that cause internal upheaval, struggle, and challenge.

What can joyful life events do?

Fulfilling and joyful life events can prompt spiritual growth.

What kind of experiences are involved in spirituality?

Personal, subjective experiences that take place over time.

What must nurses have to effectively provide spiritual care?

Insight into their own beliefs, thoughts, and feelings about spirituality.What are the three core issues of spirituality?

What is faith?

Faith is a global framework of beliefs that helps guide and ground people, helps them make sense of the world, and empowers them to confront challenges.

What is hope?

Hope is an expectation of positive outcomes that is consistent with a desired future goal.

How does hope affect a person?

Hope reinforces motivation to engage in goal-seeking behaviors.

What is love?

Love is often considered the core of one's strength, the basis for caring relationships, and one's greatest spiritual need.

What does love, faith, and hope create together?

They create one's perspective of self.

What is a miracle?

A miracle is anything that allows for or transcends the presence of a God, higher being, or the divine.

Does a miracle necessarily involve a cure?

No. A miracle does not necessarily involve a cure.

How can miracles be viewed?

Miracles can be viewed as perfectly ordinary events or explained as the act of a deity.

What do miracles exceed?

Miracles can far exceed our expectations.

How do miracles commonly proceed?

Miracles commonly proceed according to natural law.

What impact can miracles have on a person?

Miracles can have a profound impact on a person's expectancies.

How should a nurse respond if a client requests a prayer for a cure?

The nurse should not say that the cure is impossible and may reframe the situation for the client in a more hopeful way.What does research suggest about religion and health outcomes?

What does research not always explain about religion and health?

Research does not always explain how or why religion affects health.

How are religion and spirituality different?

Religion usually includes formal rituals, beliefs in higher beings or higher meaning, and personal levels of importance, while spirituality measures a person's sense of spiritual being, connectedness, emotional well-being, and stability.

How are religion and spirituality related to health?

Their influence on health is tightly connected.

What is Judaism?

Judaism is one of the Western world's oldest religions and is the foundation on which Christianity and Islam are built.

What is the Torah?

The Torah contains Jewish law in a collection of writings.

What is Judaism based on?

Worship of one God, obeying the Ten Commandments, and practicing charity and tolerance toward others.

What is Christianity?

Christianity is a major world religion.

Who do Christians worship?

Christians worship Jesus Christ.

What do Christians believe about Jesus Christ's death?

They believe his death atoned for their sins by granting them forgiveness from God, which allows for eternal life.

What is Islam?

Islam was the third monotheistic religion to emerge after Judaism and Christianity.

What does the word Islam mean?

Submission.

What is a Muslim?

A Muslim is a follower who submits to Allah, God.

Who is Muhammad?

Muhammad is the founder of Islam and a respected prophet.

What is Hinduism?

Hinduism is one of the oldest major religions.

Does Hinduism have a single body of beliefs and practices or one deity?

No. Hinduism does not embrace a single body of beliefs and practices or the existence of a single deity.

Who or what may Hindus worship?

Hindus may worship several, even hundreds of gods and goddesses, including elements in the natural world such as rivers and fire.

What are some sacred Hindu texts?

The Vedas, the Bhagavad Gita, and the Ramana, the story of the life of the god Rama.

What is Buddhism?

Buddhism follows the teachings of Buddha, or the awakened one, who is revered not as a god but as an example of a way of life.

Who was Siddhartha Gautama?

Siddhartha Gautama was born into a royal family in a part of modern-day Nepal, gained enlightenment at age 35, and began teaching others how to attain liberation from suffering for themselves and others.

What are Native American religions?

There are more than 575 federally recognized Native American nations or tribes in the United States, and each group has its own traditions, culture, and heritage.

What general beliefs are found in Native American religions?

Although each group has its own traditions, culture, and heritage, some general beliefs underlie the more specific tribal ideas.

What is atheism?

Atheism is the belief that there is no belief in God or supernatural deities.

What guides the values and beliefs of atheists?

Rather than receiving directives for living from external sources, atheists use their own value systems, beliefs, and life experiences.What dietary and activity considerations may be important for Orthodox Jewish clients?

What clothing practices may be important for Orthodox Jewish clients?

Orthodox Jewish women may prefer their bodies and limbs covered and may cover their hair; Orthodox men may keep their heads covered with a hat or skullcap.

What reproductive practices may be important for some Orthodox Jewish clients?

Some may forbid contraception unless the woman's health is at risk; nearly all Jewish boys are circumcised, usually 8 days after birth.

What is baptism in Christianity?

Baptism is a sign of moral cleansing and is associated with being born again.

What dietary practices may be important to some Christians?

Some Christians avoid meat on Fridays during Lent and do not drink alcohol.

What are Christian views on blood transfusions and contraception?

Christians generally do not object to blood transfusions or contraception.

What is an important dietary practice in Islam?

Muslims do not eat pork.

What fasting practice may be important in Islam?

During the holy month, Muslims fast between sunrise and sunset.

What hygiene and eating practices may be important in Islam?

Muslims wash their hands before eating, commonly eat with the right hand, and prefer washing with free-flowing water.

What modesty preference may be important for Muslim women?

Women may prefer to be treated by female providers and staff.

What may Muslim parents want after the birth of a baby?

They may wish for prayers after the baby's birth.

What dietary practices may be important in Hinduism?

Most Hindus are lacto-vegetarian, consuming milk but no eggs; many do not eat beef and may avoid bovine-derived medications.

What hygiene practices may be important in Hinduism?

They may prefer washing with free-flowing water, and daily bathing is important.

What health practice is associated with Hinduism?

Hinduism includes Ayurvedic medicine, which encompasses areas such as diet, sleep, elimination, and hygiene.

What is a core religious concept in Hinduism?

Reincarnation.

What does karma teach in Hinduism?

Every action has a cause and effect.

What religious symbol may Hindus wear?

A sacred thread around the body or waist.

What reproductive practices may be important in Buddhism?

Buddhism accepts contraception but typically condemns abortion and active euthanasia.What is important to know about Jewish dietary practices?

What clothing practices may be important for Orthodox Jews?

Women may cover their bodies and hair, and men may wear a head covering.

What is baptism in Christianity?

A religious practice that represents cleansing and being born again.

What dietary practices may some Christians follow?

Some avoid meat on Fridays during Lent and avoid alcohol.

What is an important dietary practice in Islam?

Muslims do not eat pork.

What fasting practice may Muslims follow?

They may fast from sunrise to sunset during a holy month.

What hygiene practices may be important in Islam?

Washing hands before eating and using free-flowing water may be important.

What is important to know about Muslim women and healthcare providers?

Some women prefer female providers and staff.

What dietary practices may be important in Hinduism?

Many Hindus do not eat meat or eggs, and many avoid beef.

What hygiene practice is important in Hinduism?

Daily bathing and washing with free-flowing water may be important.

What health practice is associated with Hinduism?

Ayurvedic medicine.

What is an important belief in Hinduism?

Reincarnation.

What does karma mean in Hinduism?

Every action has a cause and effect.

What is an important reproductive belief in Buddhism?

Buddhism accepts contraception but typically condemns abortion and active euthanasia.What should every nurse know about themselves?

What are three ways nurses can gain self-knowledge?

Be open, welcome challenges, and take time to reflect.

What kind of attitude does spiritual care require?

A nonjudgmental attitude and open thinking.

Why is it important to be aware of your biases?

Being aware of your biases makes it easier to avoid abuses of spiritual care.

What should a nurse avoid when a client's spiritual beliefs differ from their own?

The nurse should not impose their own beliefs on the client or discount the client's family's beliefs and rituals.

Why is self-awareness of your own spirituality important?

Nurses need introspection and awareness of their own spiritual journey to provide spiritual care.

What are barriers to spiritual care?

Lack of general awareness of spirituality, lack of awareness of your own spiritual belief system, differences in spirituality between the nurse and client, fear that your knowledge is insufficient, and fear of where spiritual discussions may lead.

Why might a nurse avoid spiritual care because of a lack of awareness?

The nurse may lack awareness of spirituality in general or of the client's spiritual needs.