Chapter 1.1: Characteristics of Life

What is biology?

Study of life

All living things on the planet is called

Organism.

What are some of the examples of an organism?

Fungi

Plants

Animals

Algae

What is the 7 characteristics of organism?

1. Organization

2. Need Energy

3. Maintains Homeostatis

4. Can respond to their environment

5. Reproduction

6. Adaptation

7. Growth

Organization is an:

orderly structure

The level of organization of an organism are

Cell

Tissue

Organ

Organ system

Organism

What is the smallest unit of life?

The cell

What is ENERGY?

Ability to do work

For living thing the energy is provided from

Food and sunlight through photosynthesis.

What is metabolism?

• Measure of all chemical reaction within the cell

• converts food into energy and builds cellular structures.

What is the ultimate source of energy?

Sun

Why the sun is the ultimate source of energy?

• Initiates the cycle of energy

  • Plants require sun for the photosynthesis which they are the base of the food chain within the organism

What is photosynthesis?

Conversion of solar energy into chemical energy

Energy flow of the ecosystem:

Each own energy have their own role within the ecosystem

What is HOMEOSTASIS?

To maintain internal condition within certain physiological boundaries

What is the critical homeostatic feature for humans?

Maintain the proper range of temperature of the body

Why it is important to keep certain temperature in the human body?

For the enzymatic activity

Example of the body change to maintain homeostasis when the temperature drops in your body:

Errector Pilli Muscle, goose bumps: function as insulation

Example of the body change to maintain homeostasis when the temperature increases in your body:

Sweat glands: release swear (water) to keep the body cool

What is a response of an organism?

Reaction to anything in your environment

What do the organism respond/ reacts to?

A trigger or a stimulus in its environment

What is a behavior of an organism?

The action of the response with the stimuli

A reproduction is:

Production of offsring

The two form of reproduction are the following

1. Asexual: 1 parent

2. Sexual: 2 parents

DNA of an organism provide:

The blueprint or instruction for the organization and metabolism of the particular organism

what is an ADAPTATION of an organism?

Any INHERITED STRUCTURE, BEHVIOR,OR PROCESS that makes an organism better able to survive its environment

What are some benefit of ADAPTATION?

Gives an advantage to its particular environment

Example of adaptation as advantage:

White seal on north pole can be camouflage with the snow form the predators.

What is a GROWTH?

An increase in the formation of new structures

What is TAXONOMY?

Branch of biology focusing on NAMING and IDENTIFYING Organism

What is the highest rank of TAXONOMY?

Domain

What are the 3 Domains

1. Bacteria

2. Archaea

3. Eukarya

Why Do we call TREE OF LIFE?

Scientist believe that we all share common ancestor from several millions ago.

KINGDOMS contain

Species that have several traits in common

6 KINGDOMS are

1. Eubacteria

2. Archaebacteria

3. Protista

4. Plantae

5. Fungi

6. Animali

Eubacteria Domain is

• Bacteria

Eubacteria Example:

• Bacteria that are found everywhere

  • E. Coli

Archaebacteria domain

Archaea

Where can we find Archaebacteria?

• On extreme environment:

  • Hot spring or deep sea

Eukarya domain kingdoms include

Protista

Plantae

Fungi

Animalia

Protista is

• Any organism that is not plant, animal or fungi

• Can by unicellular or multicellular

Ex: Algae, amoeba

Plantae is

• Multicellular Photosynthesizes

• Multicellular producers

Ex: Flower

Fungi is

• Multicellular decomposer

Ex: Fungi, Mold

Animalia is

• Multicellular comsumer

Ex: Animals, human

Highest ration of known organisms are

Animals

Highest ration of known animals is

Vertebrae

Highest ration of known plant is

Flowering plants