Key Events in Canadian History from the 50s to 2010s

Korean War

Conflict between North and South Korea post-WWII.

Indian Act

Regulates status Indians' land and governance.

60s Scoop

Government's removal of Indigenous children from families.

Inuit Relocation

Government resettlement of Inuits to higher Arctic.

Eskimo Problem

Challenges faced by Inuit communities, including health.

Female Employees Equal Pay Act

Mandates equal pay for women and men.

Suez Crisis

Nationalization of Suez Canal by Egypt, international conflict.

Lester B. Pearson

Negotiated peace during Suez Crisis, Nobel Prize winner.

Peacekeeping Forces

UN soldiers created to maintain international peace.

Old Age Security

Federal pension for Canadians aged 65 and older.

NATO

Military alliance for mutual defense against Soviet threats.

GDP Defense Spending

Countries should spend 2% of GDP on defense.

Indigenous Voting Rights

Indians could vote by renouncing Indian status.

Declaration of Rights

First official Canadian document on basic human rights.

Quiet Revolution

Quebec's socio-political modernization and secularization.

Hydro-Québec

Government-owned corporation for electricity management.

Immigration Reforms (1962)

Increased immigration from diverse global regions.

Points System (1967)

Criteria for assessing immigrants' qualifications.

Cultural Assimilation

Indigenous practices regulated to integrate into Canadian society.

Cold War Context

Global tension influencing Canadian foreign and domestic policies.

Temporary Division of Korea

Initial separation of Korea intended to be temporary.

Points System

Immigration focus on skills and bilingualism.

Expo 67

Celebrated Canada's 100th anniversary and culture.

Vive Quebec libre

Support for Quebec separatists by French president.

Trans Canada Highway

Opened in 1962, promotes trade and tourism.

Canadian Flag Adoption

Adopted in 1965, symbolizes national unity.

Tommy Douglas

Federal NDP leader and former Saskatchewan premier.

Trudeau-mania

Public excitement over Pierre Trudeau's charisma and policies.

Loi Omnibus

Trudeau's law decriminalizing homosexuality and legalizing contraceptives.

Loi Langues Officielles

Officially recognizes English and French in Canada.

Paper Blanc

Aimed to improve Indigenous relations and rights.

Rafle des Annees 60s

Indigenous children adopted by non-Indigenous families.

Crise d'Octobre

Political crisis involving FLQ and Quebec independence.

Loi sur les Mesures de Guerres

Allowed arrests without charges during October Crisis.

"Just watch me"

Trudeau's response to restoring order during crisis.

Serie du Sommet 72

Canada-Soviet hockey rivalry during Cold War.

Multiculturalism

Policy promoting diverse cultural identities in Canada.

Bilingualism

Official policy ensuring services in English and French.

Indian Act

Legislation governing Indigenous status and rights.

Censorship

Suppression of information during political crises.

National Identity

Shared sense of belonging among Canadians.

CN Tower

Iconic landmark in Toronto, Canada.

Papier rouge

Response advocating Indigenous rights and self-determination.

Politique du multiculturalisme

Government policy recognizing diverse heritages and identities.

Environment Canada

Agency using metric system for measurements.

Abolition of Death Penalty

Canada's stance against capital punishment for human rights.

Parti Quebecois

Political party advocating for Quebec independence.

Loi 101

Law establishing French as Quebec's official language.

Canadian Human Rights Act

First federal law addressing discrimination in Canada.

Castor

Official symbol of Canada, linked to fur trade.

Vietnamese Refugees

Post-war resettlement programs for Vietnamese boat refugees.

Canadian Charter of Rights

Constitutional document guaranteeing rights and freedoms.

Article 33

Allows temporary laws overriding the Charter's provisions.

First Quebec Referendum

1980 vote on Quebec's independence, 60-40 against.

Meech Lake Accords

Failed proposal granting Quebec special constitutional status.

Elijah Harper

Cree politician opposing Meech Lake Accords.

Accords du libre-echange

Free trade agreement reducing tariffs between US and Canada.

GST

Goods and Services Tax implemented in Canada.

Multiculturalism Act

1988 law officially recognizing Canada's multicultural identity.

Polytechnique Massacre

1989 shooting highlighting misogyny and gun control issues.

La loi sur la santé

Legislation ensuring free basic healthcare in Canada.

Calgary Olympics

Profitable Olympic Games held in Calgary.

Terry Fox

National hero known for cancer research marathon.

Crise d'Oka

Conflict over land rights and golf course expansion.

Formation Bloc Quebecois

Political party focused on Quebec independence.

Creation de Nunavut

Territory established for Inuit self-governance.

Kyoto Protocol

International treaty aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Idle No More

Movement advocating Indigenous rights and environmental protections.

Commission de vérité et réconciliation

Investigates residential schools' impact on Indigenous peoples.

94 Recommendations

Calls to action for repairing Indigenous-government relationships.

Pensionnats apology

2008 apology for residential school abuses.

Accord de la vallée du Mackenzie

Indigenous collaboration on natural gas pipeline project.

Affaire Daniels

Legal recognition of Métis and non-status Indians' rights.

Stephen Harper's declaration

Quebec recognized as a unique nation in Canada.

Tir mosquée Québec

Shooting incident questioning Canada's multicultural values.

Acte du cannabis

Legalization of cannabis with age restrictions.

Taxe carbone

Tax on fossil fuels under Paris Agreement.

Accord de Paris

Agreement to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Massacre polytechnique

1989 shooting highlighting misogyny and gun control issues.

La charte canadienne des droits et libertés

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, not signed by Quebec.

Meech Lake Accords

Failed constitutional agreement to recognize Quebec's distinct society.

Multiculturalism Act

Legislation promoting diversity and multiculturalism in Canada.

Pierre Trudeau

Former PM known for multiculturalism and constitutional reforms.

Brian Mulroney

PM who implemented significant economic policies in the 1980s.

Jean Chrétien

PM focused on national unity and social programs.

Paul Martin

PM known for fiscal responsibility and healthcare initiatives.

Stephen Harper

PM who emphasized conservative policies and economic growth.

Justin Trudeau

Current PM focusing on progressive social policies.

Fiduciary obligation

Legal duty to act in the best interest of Indigenous peoples.