Apush - Unit 2

French and Indian War

A conflict between the British and Indians for territorial gain.

Salutary Neglect

The British allowed the Americans to govern themselves as long as they still paid taxes.

Enlightenment Ideas

Influenced people because they sought natural rights, which were writings given by gods, and not people.

Natural Rights

Rights that human beings can claim and that governments can be overthrown if they become corrupt.

Great Awakening

A religious movement that emphasized individual interpretation of faith and personal rights given by god.

Transition from Salutary Neglect to Mercantilism

Encouraged revolution as colonies felt pride in self-governance which was taken away.

Declaration of Independence

Significant because it outlined natural rights and showed how Britain was violating those rights.

Articles of Confederation - Strengths

Could make relationships with different countries.

Articles of Confederation - Weaknesses

Federal government did not have enough power to create a military and enforce rules.

Compromises in the Constitution

Needed to split the power between the federal government, the states, and the government.

Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists

Anti-Federalists influenced the Constitution to ensure the federal government didn't have too much power over the states.

Constitution as a Living Document

Even though it was written a long time ago, the rules and regulations are still followed.

Federalists

Believed the government should use force to put down revolutions and protect trade.

Democratic-Republicans

Thought that using force would replicate British actions and believed in returning favors to France.

Washington's Farewell Address

Advised against political parties and permanent foreign alliances to prevent unnecessary hatred and war.

Effects of the Great Awakening

Colonists believed they had rights given by god that could not be taken away.

Mercantilism

Colonies only benefit the mother country

Proclamation Line of 1763

The British can not go to the Appalachian Mountains, even though they fought for that land.

Sugar Act

Tax on importing sugar and molasses into the colonies

Stamp Act

Required colonists to purchase stamps for every piece of paper that they used.

Stamp Act Congress

Colonists protesting because they wanted the British parliament to repeal the Stamp Act, because taxation without representation is corrupt.

Quartering Act

Provide housing, food, and supplies to the British soldiers at any time

Quebec Act

Religious freedom to french catholics living in Quebec

Declaratory Act

The British Parliament was able to pass the right to tax and make laws. The colonists have no say.

Townshend Acts

The British started taxing many important goods like glass, paper, paint, and tea.

Boston Massacre

The colonists started boycotting, and British soldiers started shooting, and 5 people died.

Tea Act

Starting to tax tea imports to help give the British East India Company money

Boston Tea Party

Colonists dumped tea into the ocean. Britain was furious and closed the harbor until they paid for all the tea that they dumped.

Intolerable Acts

Create acts that will try to punish the protestors for dumping tea into the ocean.

1st & 2nd Continental Congress

Colonists meet to talk about the Intolerable Acts and tell Britain to protect the colonial rights, but still have peace.

John Dickinson - Letters from a Pennsylvania Farmer

He writes to the British to try and make them stop taxes, but they don't, and they start their own revolution.

Common Sense

Thomas Paine wrote a book talking about how it is common sense to start their own revolution.

Lexington and Concord

This was the first attack on the British by the Americans.

Republican Motherhood

Raising children to be good citizens.

Sons of Liberty (CED)

Secret organization to protest the British taxes and policies.

Daughters of Liberty (CED)

A group of women who supported the boycotts.

Virtual Representation

The parliament represented all of the British subjects, whether they were British or living in the colonies, because there was no one representing them; they thought that they weren't thinking about them.

Patriots

Supported the colonies' getting independence from the British.

Loyalists (Tories)

Did not support the colonies getting independence from the British.

Paris Peace Treaty of 1783

Ended the Revolutionary War between the British and the colonies, and doubled the land mass of the colonies.

Articles of Confederation

Establish a self-governing system for the nation.

Structure

Congress and the legislative branch are the only branches of government.

Weaknesses

Could not tax unless the states agree to pay the tax to the government.

Strengths

Were able to create the law that abolished slavery.

Examples of Problems

They could not create their own military because they didn't have enough money from the states to create a military.

Shays Rebellion

A group of armed farmers was rebelling against the government because the government was not paying them the money that they owed since they fought in the war.

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

This was the banning of slavery. Everyone had to follow because the federal government voted on it.

Constitutional Convention

Tried to improve the Constitution so that the government and the nation are stronger.

The Great Compromise

States wanted their representation to be based on population. Some states didn't, so they came up with a House of Representatives to represent the population, and a Senate based on the state.

Three-Fifths Compromise

Enslaved people counted as 3/5th of a person for taxes and voting/representation purposes.

Federalists v. Anti-Federalist Debate

Federalists wanted the government to have a lot of power. Anti-Federalists were afraid that if they gave the government a lot of power, then it would turn into the British government.

Federalist Papers

The federal government's power should be strengthened.

Bill of Rights

Give everyone natural rights.

Constitution

Replacing the Articles of Confederation, the goal was to improve the government system.

Preamble

The goals of the Constitution, and how it would make America better.

Checks and Balances

To make sure that no one branch becomes corrupt, they each are able to control something that the other branch has.

Federalism (Delegated, Reserved, Concurrent, & Denied)

The separation between the federal power and the reserved powers.

Separation of Powers

Divides the nation's power into 3 different branches so that none of the branches would get corrupt.

Popular Sovereignty

When the government is able to overthrow the people.

Elastic Clause

Make sure that the Constitution can't change.

Amendments

Changes to the Constitution.

Judicial Review

Deeming the law unconstitutional, they can stop it from becoming a law.

Federalist Party v. Democratic-Republican Party (Janus)

Federalists wanted a strong government and good selling, and imports. Democrats wanted state power and agriculture.

Strict Constructionists v. Loose Constructionists

A Strict way of following the Constitution. Loose is that they can do stuff that the Constitution does not exactly say.

Washington's Presidency

He made a two-term presidency, which means that people can only stay president twice.

Hamilton's Economic Plan

Pay off the war debts from the Revolutionary War, and strengthen the government with that money.

Jay Treaty

Great Britain withdraws forces to the border of the U.S.

Pinckney Treaty

Negotiations on where the borders are.

Whiskey Rebellion

Farmers protested because it put an economic strain on the farmers. It showed that the new government was more powerful than the one under the Articles of Confederation.

Washington's Farewell Address

Warned about political parties, and permanent national alliances.

Adam's Presidency

He angered the American people with his alien sedition acts.

XYZ Affair

Sent some diplomats to try and get France to stop impressing soldiers. France asked for a large loan and a large bribe.

Alien & Sedition Acts

You can not speak badly about the government during a war.

Kentucky & Virginia Resolutions

Wanted more power over the federal government because the Alien and sedition acts went against the Constitution.